18 Questions
What is the role of the Shine-Dalgarno sequence in translation initiation?
It pairs with their complementary nucleotides in the 16S rRNA.
What is the function of initiation factor 3 (IF-3) during translation initiation?
Binds to the small subunit and prevents binding of the large subunit.
In eukaryotic cells, what plays a critical role in the initiation of protein synthesis?
The cap at the 5' end of mRNA.
During elongation, what is the role of elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu)?
Facilitates delivery of a charged tRNA to the A site.
What triggers termination of protein synthesis?
Encounter of a termination codon by the ribosome.
Which factor prevents the large subunit of the ribosome from binding during translation initiation?
Initiation factor 2 (IF-2)
What is the first step in the maturation of mRNA in eukaryotes?
Capping the 5'-end with a guanosine triphosphate
What is the function of the Poly(A) tail in eukaryotic mRNA?
Recognition of the 3' end
Which enzyme is responsible for adding a guanosine triphosphate to the 5'-end of mRNA?
Capping enzyme
What sequence is recognized by a specific endonuclease for cutting the growing RNA molecule in eukaryotic mRNA?
AAUAAA
What happens after recognition and cutting of the growing RNA molecule at AAUAAA sequence?
Poly(A) tail is added
What modification occurs to the guanine of the cap on eukaryotic mRNA?
Methylation at the 7 position
What is the significance of having multiple isoaccepting tRNAs in cells?
It prevents the binding of incorrect amino acids to tRNAs.
Which hypothesis explains the ability of some non-standard base pairings at the third position of a codon?
Wobble hypothesis
What is the role of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases in protein synthesis?
They mediate the specific attachment of amino acids to tRNAs.
Where does a ribosome attach during translation on an mRNA molecule?
At the 5' UTR region
What provides the energy required for the attachment of tRNA to its appropriate amino acid?
ATP
Which part of a tRNA molecule is responsible for attaching to its corresponding amino acid?
'CCA' sequence at the 3' end
Test your knowledge on the initiation of translation, including the role of mRNA, ribosomes, initiation factors, initiator tRNA, and GTP. Learn about the major steps involved in the initiation process.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
