Transgenic Plants and Gene Transfer
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary goal of transferring or modifying a gene from another organism in transgenic plants?

  • To introduce a new gene into the plant genome
  • To eliminate an existing gene from the plant genome
  • To reduce the yield of the plant variety
  • To acquire a desired character in the host plant (correct)

    • What is the role of a promoter in the production of transgenic plants?

  • To select transformed cells or tissues
  • To inhibit gene expression
  • To isolate the gene of interest
  • To initiate or enhance gene expression (correct)

    • What is the function of the Cry protein in insect-resistant transgenic plants?

  • To stimulate the insect's immune system
  • To break apart in the insect gut and release a toxin (correct)
  • To bind to the intestinal lining and create pores
  • To kill the insect instantly

    • Which of the following insects is NOT resistant to the Bt gene?

    <p>Mollusca</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of adding a selection marker in the production of transgenic plants?

    <p>To select transformed cells or tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the final step in the production of transgenic plants?

    <p>Micropropagation to generate multiple plant clones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Transgenic Plants

    • Transgenic plants are created by transferring or modifying genes from another organism to acquire desirable characters in the host plant.
    • The goal of transgenic plants is to improve plant varieties by transferring a transgene into the plant genome.

    Production of Transgenic Plants

    • The steps involved in producing transgenic plants are:
      • Isolating the gene of interest
      • Adding a promoter or DNA segment to initiate or enhance gene expression
      • Adding a selection marker
      • Introducing the gene construct into a plant cell
      • Selecting transformed cells or tissue
      • Micropropagation to generate multiple plant clones

    Insect Resistance

    • Insect resistance in transgenic plants can be achieved through the use of genes from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt).
    • The Bt gene is also known as the Cry gene, which codes for the crystal (Cry) protein, a δ-endotoxin.
    • The Cry protein works by binding to and creating pores in the intestinal lining of insects, ultimately killing them.

    Mechanism of Cry Protein Toxicity

    • Inside an insect's gut, the crystal breaks apart and releases the toxin.
    • The toxin then binds to and creates pores in the intestinal lining, causing the insect's death.

    Applications of Bt Gene

    • The Bt gene provides resistance against several types of insects and nematodes, including:
      • Lepidoptera
      • Coleoptera
      • Hymenoptera
      • Diptera
      • Nematodes
    • The Bt gene is used in the production of insect-resistant crops and biological insecticides.

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    Description

    Learn about the process of creating transgenic plants by transferring genes from other organisms to acquire desired characteristics. Understand the steps involved in producing transgenic plants.

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