Transfusion Reactions

What is the main cause of Acute Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction?

What is the treatment for Febrile Non-Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction (FNHTR)?

What is the main cause of Transfusion-Associated Graft-Versus-Host Disease (TA-GVHD)?

What is the treatment for Post-Transfusion Purpura (PTP)?

What is the main cause of Delayed Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction?

What is the treatment for Allergic Transfusion Reaction?

What are the two essential steps to verify before administering blood products to a patient?

What is the recommended needle size for adult patients during blood administration?

What is the initial infusion rate for blood administration, and what is the purpose of this rate?

What are the signs of transfusion reaction that healthcare professionals should monitor for during and after blood administration?

What type of blood products may be used for patients with a history of allergic reactions?

What should be done if a transfusion reaction occurs during blood administration?

Transfusion Reactions

Transfusion reactions occur when the recipient's immune system reacts to the transfused blood, leading to adverse effects. These reactions can be acute or delayed.

Acute Transfusion Reactions

Febrile Non-Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction (FNHTR)
- Caused by recipient's immune response to donor leukocytes
- Symptoms: fever, chills, and discomfort
- Treatment: antipyretics and supportive care
Allergic Transfusion Reaction
- Caused by recipient's immune response to donor plasma proteins
- Symptoms: hives, itching, and flushing
- Treatment: antihistamines and supportive care
Acute Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction
- Caused by ABO incompatibility between donor and recipient blood
- Symptoms: fever, chills, nausea, and pain
- Treatment: supportive care and possible dialysis

Delayed Transfusion Reactions

Delayed Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction
- Caused by anamnestic response to previously sensitized recipient
- Symptoms: gradual decrease in hemoglobin and hematocrit
- Treatment: supportive care and possible transfusion of compatible blood
Post-Transfusion Purpura (PTP)
- Caused by anti-platelet antibodies in the transfused blood
- Symptoms: thrombocytopenia and bleeding
- Treatment: platelet transfusions and immunoglobulin therapy
Transfusion-Associated Graft-Versus-Host Disease (TA-GVHD)
- Caused by engraftment of donor T-lymphocytes
- Symptoms: fever, rash, and bone marrow suppression
- Treatment: supportive care and possible antithymocyte globulin therapy

Learn about the different types of transfusion reactions, including acute and delayed reactions, their causes, symptoms, and treatments. Understand the immune responses involved and how to manage these reactions.