Guyton 36 book. Transfusion Reactions and Blood Types Quiz

<p>Low, with almost zero agglutinins present. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The presence of agglutinins in the plasma triggers vasoconstriction, narrowing the blood vessels. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are transported to the spleen for destruction. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Severe anemia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bilirubin precipitates in neuronal cells, causing cell death (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To prevent the buildup of bilirubin in the infant's blood (B), To increase the infant's red blood cell count (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rh-negative blood does not contain the Rh factor that the mother's antibodies target (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Through the liver and bile (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Adults have more efficient liver function (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Kidney failure can lead to a buildup of toxins in the blood (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Agglutination of red blood cells, leading to their destruction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is reabsorbed by the tubular epithelium back into the blood. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Foreign cells have antigens that are recognized as foreign by the recipient's immune system. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It determines the likelihood of a transplant being rejected due to immune response. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Because each individual possesses a unique combination of HLA antigens. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To assess the compatibility of the donor and recipient's HLA antigens. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lymphocytes express the same HLA antigens as other cells in the body. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To minimize the chances of rejection due to immune response. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The presence of strong antigens, such as the O-A-B system. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The O allele does not produce any agglutinogens, while A and B alleles do. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Trigger immune responses and potentially cause blood transfusion reactions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It allows for the classification of blood types and helps prevent incompatible transfusions. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>AO (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Blood type AB (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Both alleles are equally expressed in individuals with both the A and B alleles. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>These systems determine the presence of antigens that can cause agglutination and transfusion reactions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>AB (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To cause red blood cells to clump together (agglutinate). (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The individual lacks the Rh antigen on their red blood cells. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It can cause a severe immune response during subsequent Rh-positive blood transfusions. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Type AB (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To determine if the individual has the A antigen on their red blood cells. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The person develops antibodies to the Rh factor, but there is no immediate reaction. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By observing if the red blood cells clump (agglutinate) when mixed with specific antibodies. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Their blood can be transfused into individuals with any other blood type without complications. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The O-A-B system involves spontaneous agglutinin development, while the Rh system requires sensitization. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They have a higher chance of developing hemolytic disease of the newborn than Rh-positive individuals. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A severe, immediate transfusion reaction occurs. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The person has developed antibodies to the Rh factor. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A condition where the fetus's red blood cells are destroyed by the mother's immune system. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The mother's immune system attacking the fetus's Rh-positive red blood cells. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Type O blood has antibodies to both A and B antigens. (A), Type O blood has neither A nor B agglutinogens. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Variants of a gene that determine traits.

Classifications based on specific antigens present on red blood cells.

Antigens on blood cells causing agglutination.

Combination of alleles an individual possesses.

Both alleles express equally in the phenotype.

An allele that does not show its trait when a dominant allele is present.

Another blood group system that determines the Rh factor.

Agglutination or other immune responses during blood transfusions.

Antibodies in plasma that react with specific agglutinogens in RBCs.

The clumping of RBCs due to agglutinins binding to agglutinogens.

Contains A agglutinogens and anti-B agglutinins.

Contains B agglutinogens and anti-A agglutinins.

Contains no agglutinogens but both anti-A and anti-B agglutinins.

Contains both A and B agglutinogens but no agglutinins.

Destruction of agglutinated RBCs by phagocytic cells or distortion.

Red blood cells with no agglutinogens, do not react with anti-A or anti-B.

A process where Rh-negative becomes sensitized to Rh factor after exposure.

Immune reaction to Rh-positive blood in already sensitized Rh-negative individuals.

A fetal disease causing agglutination and phagocytosis of RBCs due to Rh incompatibility.

Reaction occurring when previously sensitized individuals receive Rh-positive blood.

The four main blood types are O, A, B, and AB.

A method to identify blood types by observing clumping.

Antibodies that react with A type blood cells.

Antibodies that react with B type blood cells.

A specific antigen that can be present on RBCs, influencing blood type.

Blood type where the Rh factor is absent.

Develops when Rh-negative individuals are exposed to Rh-positive blood.

The process of tubular epithelium taking back substances into the blood.

A sudden failure of kidneys to function properly.

The process where high concentrations of hemoglobin block kidney tubules.

A complex of antigens crucial for tissue compatibility in transplants.

Testing for HLA antigens to ensure compatibility before transplantation.

Immune response against transplanted tissue or organs due to foreign antigens.

Serum containing antibodies used in testing for compatibility.

White blood cells that play a key role in the immune response.

A type of brain damage due to high bilirubin levels in neonates.

A yellow pigment formed from the breakdown of hemoglobin.

Procedure where a neonate's blood is replaced with Rh-negative blood.

A yellowing of skin and eyes due to high bilirubin levels.

Process where cells engulf and digest harmful particles.

Blood type containing the Rh factor on red blood cells.

A severe reaction that can occur during blood transfusions, affecting kidney function.