Transfusion Hazards and Reactions

Which antibodies are sometimes implicated in delayed haemolytic reactions?

What is the main cause of delayed haemolytic reactions after transfusion?

What type of haemolytic reactions involve antibodies that do not activate complement?

What is the cause of extravascular haemolytic reactions?

What is a suspected sign of delayed haemolytic reaction when no immediate reaction occurs after transfusion?

Hazards of Transfusion

Hazards can affect both the donor and the recipient/patient

Transfusion Risks and Adverse Reactions

Many signs and symptoms of transfusion reactions are similar
All reactions should be taken seriously
Common reactions include:
- Allergic reactions (not life-threatening)
- Febrile reactions (respond to treatment)
Reactions that cause the most concern include:
- Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI)
- ABO mismatch
- TA-GvHD
- Sepsis

ABO Incompatible Blood

ABO incompatible blood can lead to serious consequences
Precautions should be taken during:
- Collection of blood specimen
- Cross-matching procedures
- At the time of issue
- At the time of infusion of the cross-matched unit of blood (ensure no error in patient identification)

Haemolytic Reactions

Haemolytic transfusion reaction occurs when transfused red cells are destroyed in the recipient
Reactions can be either acute or delayed, and cell destruction can be either intra- or extravascular

Acute Reactions

Reactions that occur shortly after the start of the transfusion are termed acute

Learn about the hazards and adverse reactions associated with blood transfusions, including risks to both donors and recipients. Understand the signs, symptoms, and seriousness of transfusion reactions.