Transformation in Bacteria Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which scientist published the double helical model of the DNA structure in 1953?

  • Hershey & Chase
  • Erwin Chargaff
  • Watson & Crick (correct)
  • Phage T2

What is the main reason protein is considered rich in nitrogen?

  • High nitrogen content (correct)
  • Low hydrogen content
  • High phosphorus content
  • Low sulfur content

What is the function of a nucleoside in DNA?

  • Initiate protein synthesis
  • Form sugar-phosphate backbone
  • Provide energy for cellular processes
  • Carry genetic information (correct)

What was the organism used in the Hershey-Chase experiment to study DNA replication?

<p>Phage T2 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Erwin Chargaff's research reveal about DNA bases?

<p>Variation among different species (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the transforming material identified as in the 1944 experiment conducted by Oswald Avery, Colin MacLeod, and Maclyn McCarty?

<p>DNA (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which analytical tool was used to determine the high molecular weight of the transforming material?

<p>Ultracentrifugation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic of DNA helped differentiate it from proteins in the experiment?

<p>Nitrogen/phosphorus ratio (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which wavelength of light absorption is most strongly associated with DNA?

<p>260 nm (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the average nitrogen/phosphorus ratio of 1.67 suggest about the transforming material?

<p>It's DNA (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which analytical tool was used to match the absorption spectrum of the transforming material to that of DNA?

<p>UV absorption spectrophotometry (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which technique did Maurice Wilkins and Rosalind Franklin use to analyze the three-dimensional structure of DNA?

<p>X-ray diffraction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the arrangement of spots in an X-shape in X-ray diffraction analysis of DNA indicate?

<p>Simple structure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is DNA considered simple when analyzed using X-ray diffraction?

<p>Its large size implies a regular repeating structure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Crick and Watson, why are purines paired with pyrimidines in DNA?

<p>To ensure uniform base pairs in double-stranded DNA (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the spacing between adjacent spots in the X-ray diffraction pattern of DNA?

<p>Correlates with overall helix length (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did Rosalind Franklin's X-ray results contribute to understanding DNA?

<p>Gave information about DNA size and shape (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following nitrogenous bases is found in DNA but not in RNA?

<p>Thymine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the major structural difference between ribose and deoxyribose sugars?

<p>Deoxyribose has an oxygen atom on the 2nd carbon atom while ribose doesn't. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true about nucleotides?

<p>Thymidic acid is a pyrimidine nucleotide. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What structural feature gives nucleotide chains polarity?

<p>Phosphate group location (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scientist was known for discovering the Chargaff's rules for DNA base pairing?

<p>Erwin Chargaff (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Chargaff's rule regarding DNA structure state?

<p>'A+T' equals 'G+C' (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct number of hydrogen bonds between adenine and thymine in DNA?

<p>2 hydrogen bonds (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of bonding occurs between guanine and cytosine in DNA?

<p>Hydrogen bonding (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the distance between base pairs in the DNA molecule?

<p>3.4 Ã… (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many base pairs are there approximately per turn of the DNA helix?

<p>10 base pairs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate diameter of the DNA molecule?

<p>20 Ã… (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In DNA, why must one strand have a 5'-3' polarity if the other has a 3'-5’ polarity?

<p>To allow for complementary base pairing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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