Transcription Process in Prokaryotes

What is the role of the σ subunit in RNA transcription?

To recognize the promoter region to initiate RNA synthesis

What occurs at the +1 site during RNA transcription?

The transcription bubble is formed and the σ subunit leaves

What is the function of TFIIH in the transcription process?

It phosphorylates the CTD of RNA polymerase II

What is the function of the core enzyme in RNA transcription?

To elongate the newly synthesized RNA strand Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the 5' cap in mRNA processing?

To stabilize the mRNA Signup and view all the answers

What type of terminator sequence is characterized by a hairpin loop followed by a sequence of U's?

ρ-independent Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of ρ in terminator sequences?

To destabilize the DNA-RNA hybrid in the transcription bubble Signup and view all the answers

What is the consensus sequence for polyadenylation?

AAUAAA Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the spliceosome in mRNA processing?

To remove introns and join exons Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of the RNA polymerase holoenzyme?

Core enzyme + σ subunit Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the 2' OH group in the branch site of the intron?

To facilitate splicing Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the coupling of transcription and post-transcription?

The formation of mature mRNA Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the σ subunit of holoenzyme during RNA transcription?

To recognize the Pribnow box and –35 region Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between the coding strand and the template strand of DNA?

The coding strand is identical to the mRNA strand, except U in mRNA is replaced by T Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of tRNA during protein synthesis?

To synthesize protein from mRNA Signup and view all the answers

What is the direction of transcription during RNA synthesis?

5' → 3' Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Pribnow box and –35 region during RNA transcription?

To recognize the promoter region by σ Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between rho-dependent and rho-independent termination?

Rho-dependent termination requires a protein, while rho-independent termination does not Signup and view all the answers