Drug Matching Questions

Dexmedetomidine = Atipamezole Xylazine = Yohimbine Detomidine = Tolazoline Medetomidine = Tolazoline

Trazadone = Serotonin antagonist Diazepam = GABA receptor antagonist Alpha 2 adrenergic agonists = Decreases norepinephrine release Blockers = Histamine release blocker

Trazadone = Oral Diazepam = IV, IM, Rectal Blockers = IM, SQ, IV, PO Midazolam = IV, IM

<p>Diazepam = Minimal CV/resp effects, muscle relaxation, appetite stimulation Dexmedetomidine = Anesthetic sparing Blockers = Anti-emetic, treats opioid dysphoria Trazadone = Wide therapeutic index, anti-anxiety</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Blockers = Sedation, anti-emetic Diazepam = Anti-convulsant, sedation Zolazepam = Used for exotic animals, usually combined with Tiletamine Trazadone = Anti-anxiety, mild sedation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Blockers = Non-reversible, potential for idiosyncratic reactions Benzodiazepine derivatives = Enhances GABA activity, muscle relaxation, minimal respiratory and cardiovascular effects Alpha 2 adrenergic agonists = Profound sedation, muscle relaxation, decreases pain perception Trazadone = Serotonin antagonist, anti-anxiety, wide therapeutic index</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Midazolam = 3x as potent as Diazepam, less irritating to tissue Lorazepam = Can be given orally Diazepam = Reversible via Flumazenil, can elicit paradoxical excitation Dexmedetomidine = Biphasic compound, profound vasoconstriction followed by bradycardia</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bromides = Ataxia, sedation, polyphagia Primidone = Hepatotoxicity, hepatic necrosis Gabapentin = sedation Zonisamide = Minimal side effects, wide therapeutic range</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bromides = Decreases neuronal discharge and interferes with chloride transport Zonisamide = NA/CA channel blocker Gabapentin = Alpha 2 delta ligand, glutamate blocker Primidone = Multiple metabolites with anticonvulsant activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bromides = Long half-life, can be used in conjunction with phenobarbital Zonisamide = Wide therapeutic range, minimal side effects Gabapentin = Reduces glutamate release, effective for neuropathic pain Primidone = Possibly no advantage over phenobarbital alone, potential for hepatotoxicity</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Potassium chloride = Bromide Zonisamide = Sulfonamide Gabapentin = Gamma amino acid derivatives Phenobarbital = Barbituate</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ketamine = NMDA antagonist Etomidate = Enhances GABA activity Isoflurane = Enhances GABA activity Thiopental = Increases chloride flow and depresses the central nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ultra-short acting = Thiopental Short-acting = Pentobarbital Long acting = Phenobarbital Short-acting, rapid onset = Propofol</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thiopental = IV Isoflurane = Inhalation Etomidate = IV Ketamine = IV</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pentobarbital = Euthanasia Hydromorphone = Analgesia Phenobarbital = Anti-convulsant Isoflurane = Anesthesia maintenace</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thiopental = Low therapeutic index Ketamine = Apnea, muscle rigidity Etomidate = Muscle rigidity, rough recovery Isoflurane = Vasodialation and hypotension</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thiopental = Controlled substance Ketamine = Increases HR and vasoconstriction Etomidate = Minimal cardiovascular and respiratory depression Isoflurane = Metabolized by the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Acepromazine = Dehydration/ blood loss Ketamine = Kidney compromise Nitrous oxide = Lung/ GI compromised Isoflurane = Head trauma</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thiopental = Short recovery Ketamine = No reversal agent Etomidate = Potential rough recovery Isoflurane = Short recovery</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Morphine = MU agonist, low Kappa agonist Hydromorphone = Pure MU agonist Fentanyl = MU agonist Butorphanol = Partial MU antagonist, Kappa agonist</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Morphine = IV, SQ, IM, epidural Hydromorphone = IV, SQ, IM Fentanyl = IV, CRI, transdermal Butorphanol = SQ, IM, IV</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Morphine = 1x Hydromorphone = 5x Fentanyl = 100x Butorphanol = 2-5x</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Morphine = Good for visceral pain Hydromorphone = Minimal CV effects, low histamine release Fentanyl = Profound analgesia, short acting Butorphanol = Good for GI compromised patients, can help as a cough suppressant</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Morphine = Emesis due to histamine release Hydromorphone = Hyperthermia Fentanyl = Dysphoria Butorphanol = Ceiling effect, cannot be used with other opioids</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tramadol = M1 metabolite is an MU agonist, prevents the reuptake of serotonin and acetylcholine receptors Apomorphine = Dopamine agonist</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Morphine = Fully reversible Hydromorphone = Fully reversible Fentanyl = Fully reversible Butorphanol = Partially reversible</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Morphine = Variable, depending on route Hydromorphone = Variable, depending on route Fentanyl = Very short acting (30 min to 2 hr) Butorphanol = Short duration (60 min in dogs up to 90 in cats)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Morphine = Agonist Hydromorphone = Agonist Fentanyl = Agonist Butorphanol = Antagonist</p> Signup and view all the answers

Medications that reduce anxiety without sedation.

Medications specifically designed to alleviate anxiety symptoms.

Nervous system targets affected by tranquilizers for anxiety relief.

Receptors influenced by tranquilizers that contribute to calming effects.

Tranquilizers allow awareness of surroundings while calming.

A class of tranquilizers affecting multiple receptor types.

A specific tranquilizer affecting dopamine, alpha-1, and more receptors.

Tranquilizers do not provide pain relief.

Medications that prevent histamine release, causing mild sedation.

Oral serotonin antagonist used for anxiety with mild sedation.

Class of drugs enhancing GABA activity, causing muscle relaxation.

A benzodiazepine that can be used IM, IV, or rectally, and is reversible.

An alpha 2 adrenergic agonist causing profound sedation but not analgesia.

An alpha 2 agonist that is reversible with yohimbine.

A medication that prevents vomiting and has histamine blocking effects.

Prolapse of the third eyelid, considered normal with certain medications.

An anticonvulsant that decreases nervous system discharge and interferes with chloride transport.

Adverse effects of bromide including blindness, coma, and ataxia.

Typically compounded and must be given with food; serum levels need monitoring.

Has three metabolites: phenobarbital, primidone itself, and phenylethylmalonamide.

Reduces glutamate release and aids in neuropathic pain management, often combined with other treatments.

Medications that enhance GABA activity, used for sedation and anesthesia.

Drugs regulated by law due to potential for abuse.

An inhibitory neurotransmitter that reduces neuronal excitability.

Anesthetics that provide rapid effects but have brief duration.

A non-barbiturate anesthetic that enhances GABA and shows minimal CV effects.

An anesthetic known for rapid recovery and minimal residue effects.

A dissociative anesthetic that maintains reflexes and provides analgesia.

An inhalation anesthetic known for rapid induction and short recovery.

A fast-acting inhalation anesthetic metabolized by the liver.

Commonly known as laughing gas, it helps induce anesthesia quickly.

Medications used to prevent or treat seizures.

Form of bromide typically given with food, requiring serum level monitoring.

A common anticonvulsant often used alone or with bromide.

An anticonvulsant with three metabolites, used if phenobarbital is poorly tolerated.

An anticonvulsant that reduces glutamate release, also used for neuropathic pain.

A sulfonamide anticonvulsant that acts as a NA/CA channel blocker.

Benefits include seizure prevention and improved quality of life in patients.

Not fully understood, can be expensive, and has a short half-life.

Drugs that interact with MU and Kappa receptors to relieve pain.

Receptors found throughout the body, crucial in the pain pathway.

Receptors that influence sedation and mild analgesia.

A pure MU agonist, strongest analgesic available.

MU agonist, 100x more potent than morphine, short-acting.

Partial MU antagonist and Kappa agonist, good for mild pain.

Partial MU agonist, Kappa antagonist; good for moderate pain.

A MU agonist that binds NMDA receptors for profound analgesia.

Requires metabolization for action; prevents reuptake of serotonin.

Dopamine agonist used to induce emesis (vomiting).