Chapter 11 - Poisoning and Substance Abuse
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Questions and Answers

More than _______ of all poisonings are caused by ingestion.

  • 80% (correct)
  • 50%
  • 90%
  • 65%

Which of the following statements regarding ammonia is false?

  • It can severely burn the skin.
  • It has an irritating odor.
  • SCBA is not required when entering an area that contains ammonia. (correct)
  • It is used as fertilizer.

Activated charcoal:

  • binds to poisons, preventing absorption in the digestive tract. (correct)
  • is a finely ground powder mixed with milk to make it easier to swallow.
  • is typically given in doses of 12.5 to 25 g for adults.
  • is used when patients have ingested an acid or base.

The first step in treating a patient who has inhaled any poison gas is to:

<p>remove the patient from the source of the gas. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Your patient has been poisoned by absorption. You should first:

<p>have the patient remove his or her clothing, then brush off the dry chemical. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

After removing chemicals absorbed into clothing, responders treating patients poisoned by absorption should:

<p>wash the patient thoroughly with a hose or a shower. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When caring for a patient experiencing hallucinations, you should do all of the following EXCEPT:

<p>provide the patient with auditory and visual stimulation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What medicine is used to treat anaphylactic shock?

<p>Epinephrine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If poison enters the body through the mouth and is absorbed by the digestive system, it is called:

<p>ingestion. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a poison enters the body through the mouth or nose and is absorbed by the mucous membranes lining the respiratory system, it is called:

<p>inhalation. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When poison enters the body through a small opening in the skin, it may then be spread by the circulatory system. This is known as:

<p>injection. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If poison enters the body through intact skin, it may then be spread by the circulatory system. This is known as:

<p>absorption. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Signs and symptoms of poisoning by ingestion may include all of the following EXCEPT:

<p>chest tightness. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The first step in treating a patient who has ingested a poison is to:

<p>attempt to identify the poison. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Syrup of ipecac:

<p>is no longer recommended to treat poisoning. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not one of the four kinds of poisonous snakes found in the United States?

<p>Garter snake (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Respiratory distress, cough, dizziness, headache, and confusion may be signs of poisoning by:

<p>inhalation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If several members of one household are found at home, all with headache, nausea, disorientation, or unconsciousness, you should:

<p>suspect carbon monoxide poisoning. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Your first priority when arriving at the scene of a call involving a suspected nerve agent should be:

<p>keeping yourself and others around you from becoming contaminated. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a sign of anaphylactic shock?

<p>Increased blood pressure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements regarding abuse of inhalants is true?

<p>It can lead to unconsciousness and death. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements regarding patients who have absorbed poisons is false?

<p>The affected area should be immediately washed with water. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Delirium tremens (DTs):

<p>are a serious and possibly fatal medical emergency. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Drugs that stimulate the nervous system:

<p>include amphetamines and cocaine. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An EMR's responsibility in a call involving drug overdose includes:

<p>arranging for prompt transport to a medical facility. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Primary cause of poisonings?

Most poisonings occur when someone swallows a substance.

Ammonia safety?

Protect yourself with SCBA in an ammonia environment.

What does activated charcoal do?

It binds with poison and prevents absorption.

Inhaled poison initial action?

First, remove the patient from the contaminated area.

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Poison absorption first step?

First, thoroughly wash the affected skin.

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Treating absorbed poisons?

Wash the patient for chemical absorption.

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Hallucination care?

Limit sights and sounds and avoid bright lights.

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Anaphylactic shock treatment?

Epinephrine.

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Poisoning via ingestion?

Poisoning by swallowing.

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Poisoning via inhalation?

Poison enters through the mouth or nose, then absorbed via respiratory system.

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Poisoning via injection?

Poison that enters the body through a skin break.

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Poisoning via absorption?

Poison enters through the skin.

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Ingestion poisoning signs?

Chest tightness is NOT a sign of poisoning by ingestion.

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Treating ingested poison?

Attempt to identify the poison.

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Syrup of ipecac?

It’s no longer recommended.

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Not poisonous US snake?

Garter Snakes

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Inhalation poisoning signs?

Difficulty breathing, dizziness, headache, and confusion.

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Multiple people sick: suspect?

Suspect carbon monoxide poisoning.

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Nerve agent scene: priority?

Protect yourself first.

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Not a sign of anaphylaxis?

Increased blood pressure

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Inhalant abuse risk?

It can cause unconsciousness and death.

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Absorbed poisons?

Affected area should be immediately washed with water

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Delirium tremens (DTs)?

A possibly fatal medical emergency (alcohol withdrawal).

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Stimulant drugs?

Amphetamines and cocaine.

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Drug overdose responsibility?

Arrange for prompt transport.

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Signs and symptoms of poisoning by ingestion?

Abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, unusual breath odors.

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Signs and symptoms of poisoning by inhalation?

Respiratory distress, cough, dizziness, and confusion.

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Signs and symptoms of anaphylactic shock?

Itching, hives, swelling; rapid shallow breathing; wheezing.

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Signs and symptoms of poisoning by absorption?

Patients may have been in contact with insecticides or industrial chemicals; skin irritation; nausea, vomiting, dizziness, or shock.

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Inhalant abuse dangers?

It can cause slowing of the heart rate.

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Study Notes

  • More than 80% of all poisonings are caused by ingestion.
  • SCBA is required when entering an area that contains ammonia
  • Activated charcoal binds to poisons, preventing absorption in the digestive tract.
  • The first step in treating a patient who has inhaled any poison gas is to remove the patient from the source of the gas.
  • When a patient has been poisoned by absorption, first wash the affected area.
  • After removing chemicals absorbed into clothing, responders treating patients poisoned by absorption should wash the patient thoroughly with a hose or a showe
  • When caring for a hallucinating patient, provide auditory and visual stimulation
  • Epinephrine is medicine used to treat anaphylactic shock
  • If poison enters the body through the mouth and is absorbed by the digestive system, it is called ingestion.
  • If a poison enters the body through the mouth or nose and is absorbed by the mucous membranes lining the respiratory system, it is called inhalation.
  • When poison enters the body through a small opening in the skin, it may then be spread by the circulatory system. This is known as injection.
  • If poison enters the body through intact skin, it may then be spread by the circulatory system. This is known as absorption.
  • Chest tightness is not a sign or symptom of poisoning by ingestion.
  • The first step in treating a patient who has ingested a poison is to attempt to identify the poison
  • Syrup of ipecac is no longer recommended to treat poisoning.
  • A garter snake is not one of the four kinds of poisonous snakes found in the United States
  • Respiratory distress, cough, dizziness, headache, and confusion may be signs of poisoning by inhalation.
  • If several members of one household are found at home, all with headache, nausea, disorientation, or unconsciousness, suspect carbon monoxide poisoning.
  • Your first priority when arriving at the scene of a call involving a suspected nerve agent should be keeping yourself and others around you from becoming contaminated.
  • Increased blood pressure is not a sign of anaphylactic shock.
  • Inhalant abuse can lead to unconsciousness and death
  • A false statement regarding patients who have absorbed poisons is that the affected area should be immediately washed with water.
  • Delirium tremens(DTs) are a serious and possibly fatal medical emergency
  • Drugs that stimulate the nervous system include amphetamines and cocaine
  • An EMR's responsibility in a call involving drug overdose includes arranging for prompt transport to a medical facility.

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Description

Learn about common poisoning routes, including ingestion, inhalation, and absorption. Understand treatment protocols such as using SCBA in ammonia-filled environments and washing affected areas after absorption. Recognize the importance of epinephrine for anaphylactic shock.

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