Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the term for the process where orally administered drugs pass through the liver before entering the systemic circulation?
What is the term for the process where orally administered drugs pass through the liver before entering the systemic circulation?
- First-pass effect (correct)
- Extrahepatic metabolism
- Xenobiotic metabolism
- Intestinal metabolism
Which enzyme found in the liver plays a significant role in the metabolism of drugs that pass through it?
Which enzyme found in the liver plays a significant role in the metabolism of drugs that pass through it?
- CYP3A4 (correct)
- P-glycoprotein
- Amylase
- Acetylcholinesterase
In the context of drug metabolism, what does 'bioavailability' refer to?
In the context of drug metabolism, what does 'bioavailability' refer to?
- The binding of drug molecules to receptors
- The fraction of unchanged drug reaching systemic circulation (correct)
- The rate of drug excretion from the body
- The concentration of drug at the site of action
Which term describes drug metabolism that occurs outside of the liver?
Which term describes drug metabolism that occurs outside of the liver?
What is one significant consequence of extensive first-pass metabolism for orally administered drugs?
What is one significant consequence of extensive first-pass metabolism for orally administered drugs?
Which process can sometimes result in decreased oral bioavailability of certain drugs in humans?
Which process can sometimes result in decreased oral bioavailability of certain drugs in humans?
Which of the following is true about the role of intestinal enzymes in drug metabolism?
Which of the following is true about the role of intestinal enzymes in drug metabolism?
In extrahepatic drug metabolism, which tissue has some metabolizing capability but carries out more substrate-selective transformations?
In extrahepatic drug metabolism, which tissue has some metabolizing capability but carries out more substrate-selective transformations?
Which process involves the reduction of many aromatic azo and nitro drugs by intestinal microbes?
Which process involves the reduction of many aromatic azo and nitro drugs by intestinal microbes?
How does the first-pass effect impact drug metabolism?
How does the first-pass effect impact drug metabolism?
Which enzyme is particularly important in carrying out hydrolysis of many ester prodrugs in the intestine?
Which enzyme is particularly important in carrying out hydrolysis of many ester prodrugs in the intestine?
Among the listed drugs, which one undergoes significant sulfate conjugation in the intestinal wall after oral administration?
Among the listed drugs, which one undergoes significant sulfate conjugation in the intestinal wall after oral administration?
What is the chemically reactive metabolite responsible for liver damage due to bromobenzene administration in rats?
What is the chemically reactive metabolite responsible for liver damage due to bromobenzene administration in rats?
Which environmental contaminants can result in the formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons?
Which environmental contaminants can result in the formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons?
What is the stable epoxide metabolite of the anticonvulsant drug carbamazepine, which contributes to its therapeutic effect?
What is the stable epoxide metabolite of the anticonvulsant drug carbamazepine, which contributes to its therapeutic effect?
Which urinary metabolites result from the nucleophilic attack of GSH on the intermediate epoxide of styrene in rats?
Which urinary metabolites result from the nucleophilic attack of GSH on the intermediate epoxide of styrene in rats?
In drug metabolism, what process involves covalent binding of styrene oxide to rat liver microsomal proteins and nucleic acids?
In drug metabolism, what process involves covalent binding of styrene oxide to rat liver microsomal proteins and nucleic acids?
Which metabolite is an important urinary metabolite in humans resulting from the hydration of carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide?
Which metabolite is an important urinary metabolite in humans resulting from the hydration of carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide?
