9 Questions
What is the primary means of moving substances across a membrane in active transport?
Active transport
Which type of active transport involves the movement of ions across a membrane, creating a difference in charge?
Primary active transport
What drives the movement of biomolecules like amino acids and glucose across a membrane in secondary active transport?
Primary active transport of ions
What type of transport involves larger molecules and particles being encased in vesicles to enter or leave the cell?
Bulk transport
What is the main difference between tonicity and osmolarity?
Tonicity affects the volume of the cell, while osmolarity affects the concentration of solute.
What happens to a cell in a hypertonic solution?
The cell will tend to shrivel.
What process involves removing waste materials from the cell into the extracellular fluid?
Exocytosis
Which type of endocytosis involves the cell ingesting or engulfing large particles using its cell membrane?
Phagocytosis
In which type of solution will a cell tend to swell and eventually burst?
Hypotonic solution
Study Notes
Active Transport
- The primary means of moving substances across a membrane in active transport is the use of energy, often in the form of ATP.
- Electrochemical gradient-based active transport involves the movement of ions across a membrane, creating a difference in charge.
Secondary Active Transport
- The movement of biomolecules like amino acids and glucose across a membrane in secondary active transport is driven by the electrochemical gradient established by the primary active transport of ions.
Vesicle-Mediated Transport
- Larger molecules and particles enter or leave the cell through vesicle-mediated transport, where they are encased in vesicles.
Osmosis and Toxicity
- Tonicity refers to the effect of a solution on a cell's shape and volume, while osmolarity refers to the concentration of solutes in a solution.
- In a hypertonic solution, a cell will lose water through osmosis, causing it to shrink.
Cell Waste Removal
- The process of removing waste materials from the cell into the extracellular fluid is called exocytosis.
Endocytosis
- Phagocytosis is a type of endocytosis that involves the cell ingesting or engulfing large particles using its cell membrane.
Cell Swelling and Lysis
- In a hypotonic solution, a cell will tend to swell and eventually burst due to the uptake of excess water through osmosis.
Test your knowledge of tonicity and osmolarity with this quiz. Explore the impact of hypotonic, isotonic, and hypertonic solutions on cell volume and function.
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