Tongue Anatomy and Functions Quiz
43 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What are the main functions of the tongue?

  • Mastication and balance
  • Taste and hearing
  • Taste and oral hygiene (correct)
  • Respiration and digestion
  • Which part of the tongue is referred to as the apex?

  • The root of the tongue
  • The tip of the tongue (correct)
  • The dorsal surface of the tongue
  • The body of the tongue
  • Which statement best describes the structure of the tongue?

  • It is a moveable muscular organ (correct)
  • It consists entirely of cartilage
  • It is a rigid bony structure
  • It is primarily composed of adipose tissue
  • Which of the following is not a function of the tongue?

    <p>Hearing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the dorsal surface of the tongue?

    <p>The upper surface of the tongue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of muscle is found in the tongue?

    <p>Both intrinsic and extrinsic muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of the taste buds?

    <p>To sense flavors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following variations can affect the appearance of the tongue?

    <p>Both health and disease conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition is characterized by an overgrowth of cells creating elongated papillae on the tongue?

    <p>Black hairy tongue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following types of cancer accounts for 95% of oropharyngeal cancers?

    <p>Squamous cell carcinoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common site for squamous cell carcinoma in the tongue?

    <p>Posterior lateral border of the tongue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which treatment is suggested for black hairy tongue?

    <p>Cleaning the surface with a toothbrush</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What contributes to the discolouration of black hairy tongue aside from food and bacteria?

    <p>Smoking and antibiotics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure separates the anterior two thirds and the posterior one third of the tongue?

    <p>Sulcus Terminalis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following types of lingual papillae have taste buds associated with them?

    <p>Circumvallate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate turnover period for taste bud cells?

    <p>10 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which area of the tongue is referred to as the root or base?

    <p>Posterior one third</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of papillae is primarily responsible for the ridges along the lateral border of the tongue?

    <p>Foliate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure on the ventral surface is associated with deep lingual veins?

    <p>Plicae Fimbriate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What shape are taste buds primarily characterized as?

    <p>Barrel-shaped</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which surface of the tongue displays the median lingual sulcus?

    <p>Dorsum surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic feature of the dorsum of the tongue?

    <p>Divided into two sections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure serves as the anterior tip of the tongue?

    <p>Apex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main action of the hyoglossus muscle?

    <p>Depresses the tongue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the palatoglossus muscle originate?

    <p>Aponeurosis of the soft palate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is responsible for drawing the tongue upwards and backwards?

    <p>Styloglossus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the action of the inferior longitudinal muscle?

    <p>Shortens the tongue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which intrinsic muscle acts to narrow and lengthen the tongue?

    <p>Transverse Muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The action of the vertical muscle is to:

    <p>Flatten and broaden the tongue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the insertion point of the superior longitudinal muscle?

    <p>Apex and anterolateral margins of the tongue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What common feature do all intrinsic muscles of the tongue share?

    <p>They alter the shape of the tongue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscles does NOT assist in tongue retraction?

    <p>Superior Longitudinal Muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary origin location for the vertical muscle?

    <p>Root of the tongue and genioglossus muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve is responsible for the taste sensation in the anterior two-thirds of the tongue?

    <p>Facial nerve (VII)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary artery supplying blood to the tongue?

    <p>Lingual artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is characterized by smooth irregular red patches and white wavy lines on the tongue?

    <p>Geographic tongue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve is NOT involved in the motor supply of the tongue?

    <p>Trigeminal nerve (V)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which condition might you see changes in tongue texture due to underlying anemia?

    <p>Glossitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential effect of tongue piercings on oral health?

    <p>Increased risk of dental cavities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What might aggravate geographic tongue symptoms?

    <p>Acidic foods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions can lead to a swollen and red tongue?

    <p>Glossitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a form of glossitis?

    <p>Geographic glossitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The primary drainage of the tongue is through which vein?

    <p>Lingual vein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    The Tongue

    • The tongue is a movable muscular organ with a root, body, and tip.
    • It has a curved dorsal surface and an inferior ventral surface.
    • The tongue plays a crucial role in mastication, swallowing, taste, speech, oral hygiene, and defense.

    Structures of the Tongue

    • The dorsum (top surface) of the tongue is divided into an anterior two-thirds (oral/body) and a posterior one-third (pharyngeal/base).
    • These sections are separated by the sulcus terminalis, a triangle-shaped landmark.
    • The foramen caecum is located at the apex of the sulcus terminalis.
    • The ventral surface (underside) of the tongue is covered by a thin mucosa and contains structures like the lingual frenum and deep lingual veins.
    • The lateral borders of the tongue feature ridges of foliate papillae.

    Lingual Papillae

    • Four types of lingual papillae are found on the dorsum of the tongue:
      • Filiform papillae – most numerous, responsible for texture sensation.
      • Fungiform papillae – mushroom-shaped, contain taste buds.
      • Circumvallate papillae – largest, arranged in a V-shape, contain taste buds.
      • Foliate papillae – located on the lateral borders, contain taste buds.

    Taste buds

    • Taste buds are barrel-shaped organs composed of 30-80 spindle-shaped cells extending from the basement membrane to the epithelial surface.
    • They are found on fungiform, foliate, and circumvallate papillae.
    • Taste bud cells have a rapid turnover rate of approximately 10 days.

    Muscles of the Tongue

    • Extrinsic muscles: Responsible for moving the tongue.
      • Hyoglossus: Depresses the tongue and assists in retraction.
      • Palatoglossus: Lifts the tongue, closing off the mouth from the pharynx during swallowing.
      • Styloglossus: Draws the tongue upwards and backwards.
    • Intrinsic muscles: Alter the shape of the tongue.
      • Superior Longitudinal Muscle: Shortens the tongue and turns the tip and sides upwards.
      • Inferior Longitudinal Muscle: Shortens the tongue and pulls the tip and sides downwards.
      • Vertical Muscle: Flattens and broadens the tongue.
      • Transverse Muscle: Narrows and lengthens the tongue.

    Nerve Innervation

    • Sensory and Taste:
      • Posterior 1/3: Glossopharyngeal Nerve (IX)
      • Anterior 2/3:
        • Sensory: Lingual nerve (Trigeminal Nerve V)
        • Taste: Chorda Tympani (Facial nerve VII) & Lingual nerve
    • Motor:
      • Hypoglossal nerve (XII), except for Palatoglossus, which is supplied by the Vagus nerve (X).

    Blood Supply

    • Arterial: Lingual artery (a branch of the external carotid artery).
    • Venous: Lingual vein.

    Variations in Tongue Appearance

    • Geographic tongue: Benign condition characterized by smooth, irregular red patches and white wavy lines that may change position.
    • Glossitis: Inflammation of the tongue, causing swelling, redness, and changes in surface texture. Can be caused by various factors, including anemia, celiac disease, trauma, and allergies.
    • Black hairy tongue: Overgrowth of elongated papillae, often caused by smoking, antibiotics, and radiotherapy.
    • Tongue piercings: Can impact oral hygiene and tooth integrity.
    • Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC): Most common type of oropharyngeal cancer, frequently occurring on the tongue.

    Additional Resources

    • YouTube:
      • Development of the tongue
      • Muscles of the tongue (anatomy)
    • Websites:
      • InformedHealth.org: How does the tongue work?
      • KenHub: Muscles and Taste Sensation of the Tongue
      • KenHub: Tongue

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Description

    Test your knowledge on the anatomy and functions of the tongue. This quiz covers the structures, types of papillae, and the role of the tongue in various processes such as taste and speech. Perfect for students of anatomy and health sciences.

    More Like This

    Mucous Membrane of the Anterior Tongue
    20 questions
    Human Anatomy: Tongue Structure
    14 questions
    Tongue and taste buds medium
    45 questions

    Tongue and taste buds medium

    WiseTropicalIsland4758 avatar
    WiseTropicalIsland4758
    Tongue, Taste, and Taste Buds
    21 questions

    Tongue, Taste, and Taste Buds

    UserFriendlySagacity4401 avatar
    UserFriendlySagacity4401
    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Browser