Togavirus Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following are characteristics of togaviruses? (Select all that apply)

  • Positive-sense, ssRNA virus (correct)
  • Non-enveloped
  • Replicates in cytoplasm (correct)
  • Produces short protein sequences
  • Which types of togaviruses are known?

  • HIV
  • Rubella (German measles) (correct)
  • Flavivirus
  • Arbovirus (correct)
  • What is the vector for arboviruses?

    Arthropods (like mosquitoes)

    What are the main complications of arbovirus infections?

    <p>Eastern equine encephalitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some childhood rubella symptoms or complications?

    <p>Postauricular lymphadenopathy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is childhood rubella transmitted?

    <p>Spread via respiratory droplets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Rubella is a __________ infection that can cross the placenta.

    <p>TORCH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the congenital rubella complications or symptoms?

    <p>Patent ductus arteriosus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main clinical triad for congenital rubella?

    <p>Patent ductus arteriosus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some adult rubella complications or symptoms?

    <p>Arthralgias/arthritis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the prevention method for rubella?

    <p>MMR live attenuated vaccine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When can HIV patients receive the MMR live attenuated vaccine?

    <p>When their CD4 count is &gt; 200</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which groups are restricted from receiving the MMR vaccine?

    <p>Pregnant women</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the ToRCHeS mnemonic stand for?

    <p>Toxoplasmosis gondii, Rubella, CMV, HSV, Herpes zoster hepatitis BCE, Syphilis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Togavirus Characteristics

    • Positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus (ssRNA)
    • Enveloped structure
    • Replicates in the cytoplasm
    • Produces a long polyprotein precursor, cleaved by viral proteases

    Types of Togaviruses

    • Includes Arboviruses and Rubella (German measles)

    Arbovirus Vector

    • Primary vectors include arthropods, such as mosquitoes

    Main Complications of Arbovirus

    • Western equine encephalitis affects the Western U.S.
    • Eastern equine encephalitis affects the Eastern U.S.
    • Venezuelan equine encephalitis is also significant

    Childhood Rubella Symptoms/Complications

    • Symptoms include postauricular and occipital lymphadenopathy
    • Rash starts at the head and descends quickly, faster than measles rash

    Childhood Rubella Method of Transmission

    • Spreads via respiratory droplets

    Rubella as a TORCH Infection

    • Classifies as a TORCH infection capable of crossing the placenta

    Congenital Rubella Complications/Symptoms

    • Often causes patent ductus arteriosus
    • Associated with jaundice and a "blueberry muffin" rash
    • Risk of congenital cataracts and sensorineural deafness

    Main Clinical Triad for Congenital Rubella

    • Key symptoms include congenital cataracts, sensorineural deafness, and patent ductus arteriosus

    Adult Rubella Complications/Symptoms

    • Includes arthralgias/arthritis, lymphadenopathy, and fever

    Prevention for Rubella

    • MMR (Measles, Mumps, Rubella) live attenuated vaccine
    • Induces both humoral and cell-mediated immunity

    HIV Patients and MMR Vaccine

    • Can receive the MMR vaccine when their CD4 count exceeds 200

    Restricted Groups for MMR Vaccine

    • Pregnant women are advised against receiving the MMR vaccine
    • Individuals with HIV and CD4 counts below 200 should avoid vaccination

    ToRCHeS Mnemonic

    • Represents infections: Toxoplasmosis gondii, Rubella, CMV, HSV, Herpes zoster, Hepatitis B/C/E, and Syphilis

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    Description

    Test your knowledge about Togaviruses with these flashcards! This quiz covers key characteristics, types, and vectors associated with Togaviruses, including Arboviruses and Rubella. Perfect for students studying microbiology or virology.

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