Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which muscle is primarily responsible for elevating the mandible for closure?
Which muscle is primarily responsible for elevating the mandible for closure?
The lateral pterygoid muscle assists in jaw closure and retraction.
The lateral pterygoid muscle assists in jaw closure and retraction.
False
What is the function of the sphenomandibular ligament?
What is the function of the sphenomandibular ligament?
Limits lateral movements of the mandible.
The _____ dislocation involves the condyloid process moving beyond the articular tubercle.
The _____ dislocation involves the condyloid process moving beyond the articular tubercle.
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Match the following muscles of mastication with their descriptions:
Match the following muscles of mastication with their descriptions:
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Which bone articulates with the condyloid process in the TMJ?
Which bone articulates with the condyloid process in the TMJ?
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The articular disc of the TMJ allows both gliding and rotational movements.
The articular disc of the TMJ allows both gliding and rotational movements.
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What structure limits the posterior movement of the mandible?
What structure limits the posterior movement of the mandible?
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The joint type of TMJ is a ______ joint.
The joint type of TMJ is a ______ joint.
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What happens during jaw depression in the TMJ?
What happens during jaw depression in the TMJ?
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Match the following parts of the mandible with their descriptions:
Match the following parts of the mandible with their descriptions:
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Dislocation of the TMJ occurs when the condyloid process moves backward beyond the articular tubercle.
Dislocation of the TMJ occurs when the condyloid process moves backward beyond the articular tubercle.
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What anatomical landmark is also known as the articular eminence?
What anatomical landmark is also known as the articular eminence?
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Study Notes
Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ)
- The TMJ is a synovial joint
- Articulation between the condyloid process of the mandible and the mandibular fossa of the temporal bone
- The articular disc divides the joint into upper and lower compartments
- Upper compartment allows gliding movements (protrusion, retraction)
- Lower compartment allows rotational movements (elevation, depression)
- The condyloid process can dislocate if it moves beyond the articular tubercle
Mandible
- Consists of:
- Condyloid process
- Coronoid process
- Mandibular notch
- Superior processes separated by the mandibular notch
- Other parts: Neck, ramus, angle, body
- Foramina: Mental foramina (sensory innervation by mental nerves), internal aspects (mandibular foramina, submandibular fossa)
Bones
- Temporal bone
- Sphenoid bone
- Zygomatic bone
- Maxilla
- Mandible
Muscles of Mastication
- Muscles that move the jaw
- Masseter: Two heads (superficial and deep). Elevates mandible.
- Temporalis: Fan-shaped, arises from temporal fossa, assists in jaw closure and retraction.
- Medial pterygoid: Two heads (deep).
- Lateral pterygoid: Two heads (superior, inferior). Assists in jaw movements.
Ligaments
- TMJ ligaments limit jaw movements
- Lateral ligament limits posterior movements
- Medial ligaments (sphenomandibular ligament) limits movements
- Stylomandibular ligament limits lateral movements
Jaw Dislocation
- Can occur when the condyloid process moves beyond the articular tubercle
- Typically involves the anterior dislocation of the condyloid process
- Resolution involves applying downward pressure on molars and guiding mandible back into the mandibular fossa
Innervation
- All muscles of mastication are innervated by the mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve.
Jaw Function
- The joint is most stable when the jaw is closed
- Summary of motions: gliding and rotational movement in the two compartments of the TMJ.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the anatomy of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and mandible. This quiz covers the structure, function, and associated muscles of mastication. Understand the key elements including joint compartments and movements.