Podcast
Questions and Answers
What characterizes repair as opposed to regeneration in tissue healing?
What characterizes repair as opposed to regeneration in tissue healing?
- Involves the reformation of all types of tissues
- Replacement by connective tissue, leading to scarring (correct)
- Restoration of original tissue architecture and function
- Occurs only in the liver
Which of the following is NOT a cause of acute localized venous congestion?
Which of the following is NOT a cause of acute localized venous congestion?
- Strangulation
- Twisting of the pedicle
- Inflammation (correct)
- Thrombosis
Which statement accurately describes exudate compared to transudate?
Which statement accurately describes exudate compared to transudate?
- Exudate has low protein content and clots on standing
- Transudate has no inflammatory cells and is caused by injury
- Transudate occurs due to inflammation and has a high protein content
- Exudate contains inflammatory cells and is caused by inflammation (correct)
What is the primary difference between first intention and second intention healing?
What is the primary difference between first intention and second intention healing?
Which type of edema is specifically associated with right side heart failure?
Which type of edema is specifically associated with right side heart failure?
Which characteristic does NOT pertain to benign tumors?
Which characteristic does NOT pertain to benign tumors?
What is an example of dystrophic calcification?
What is an example of dystrophic calcification?
What are the two classifications of edema based on site?
What are the two classifications of edema based on site?
Which statement accurately distinguishes metastatic calcification from dystrophic calcification?
Which statement accurately distinguishes metastatic calcification from dystrophic calcification?
Which feature is NOT indicative of malignant tumors?
Which feature is NOT indicative of malignant tumors?
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Study Notes
Repair vs. Regeneration
- Regeneration restores original tissue architecture and function after injury.
- Repair replaces damaged tissue with connective tissue (scarring), altering both structure and function.
Acute Localized Venous Congestion
- Causes: Thrombosis, ligature, strangulation, or twisting of the pedicle.
- Effects:
- Rapid and severe distention of veins.
- Edema develops quickly in the tissues.
- In the intestine, infarction and gangrene may occur.
Exudate vs. Transudate
- Exudate:
- Present in inflammation.
- High protein content.
- Clots on standing due to fibrinogen.
- Contains inflammatory cells.
- Transudate:
- Occurs due to conditions other than inflammation.
- Low protein content.
- Does not clot on standing due to lack of fibrinogen.
- Lacks inflammatory cells.
Types of Healing
- First Intention Healing: Occurs in wounds with clean opposing edges, like surgical incisions.
- Second Intention Healing: Occurs in wounds with separated edges, requiring more tissue for closure.
Classification of Edema
- According to site:
- Localized Edema: Swelling in a specific area.
- Generalized Edema: Swelling throughout the body.
- According to consistency:
- Pitting Edema: Soft edema that leaves an indentation when pressed.
- Non-Pitting Edema: Hard edema that does not indent with pressure.
Cardiac Edema
- Generalized edema caused by right-sided heart failure.
Benign vs. Malignant Tumors
- Benign Tumors:
- Small, slow-growing.
- Non-invasive.
- Well-differentiated.
- Stay localized.
- Cannot invade or metastasize.
- Malignant Tumors:
- Large, fast-growing.
- Invasive.
- Poorly-differentiated.
- Metastasize to other parts of the body.
- Infiltrate, invade, and destroy surrounding tissues.
Dystrophic vs. Metastatic Calcification
- Dystrophic Calcification: Deposition of calcium in dead tissues.
- Example: Damaged heart valves.
- Metastatic Calcification: Deposition of calcium salts in normal tissues.
- Example: Vitamin D intoxication.
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