18 Questions
What is the primary function of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)?
Regulation of thyroid hormone secretion
What is the role of thyroglobulin in thyroid hormone synthesis?
Synthesis of thyroid hormones through iodine organification
What is the primary site of T4 to T3 conversion?
Liver
What is the effect of hyperthyroidism on the heart rate?
Tachycardia
What is the process by which T4 and T3 are released from the thyroid gland?
Proteolysis of thyroglobulin
What is the primary source of iodine for thyroid hormone synthesis?
Both A and B
What is the primary mechanism of thyroid hormone action?
Regulation by nuclear receptors
What is the result of iodine organification in thyroglobulin?
Formation of MIT and DIT
What is the function of thyroxine-binding globulin?
To transport thyroid hormones in the blood
What is the result of triiodothyronine binding to high-affinity nuclear receptors?
Promotion or repression of gene transcription
What is the effect of starvation on thyroid hormone levels and receptors?
Decreases both circulating T3 and cellular T3 receptors
What are the available forms of thyroid hormone replacement therapy?
Levothyroxine (T4) and liothyronine (T3)
What is the main function of calcitonin in the thyroid gland?
Regulation of plasma calcium levels
What is the composition of thyroglobulin?
A large glycoprotein with 115 tyrosine residues
What is the effect of inadequate thyroid hormone secretion on children?
It results in mental retardation and dwarfism
What is the name of the cavity within the thyroid follicle?
Follicle lumen
What are the two main thyroid hormones synthesized by the thyroid gland?
Triiodothyronine and thyroxine
What is the function of the thyroid gland in maintaining normal growth and development?
It facilitates optimal metabolism in tissues
This quiz covers the process of thyroid hormone production, transportation, and mechanism of action. It also explores the role of thyroid hormones in different tissues and organs.
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