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Thyroid Hormone Deficiency and Thyroid Nodules

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Thyroid Hormone Deficiency and Thyroid Nodules

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Questions and Answers

What is the function of the thyroid hormone calcitonin?

Maintenance of body temperature

Influence on heart rate

Regulation of body metabolism

Regulation of the amount of calcium in the blood (correct)

What is the approximate weight of the thyroid gland?

30-40 gm

10-20 gm (correct)

20-30 gm

5-10 gm

What regulates the secretion of thyroid hormones T3 and T4?

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)

Hypothalamus

Parafollicular cells

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) (correct)

What is the functional unit of the thyroid gland?

Thyroid follicle Signup and view all the answers

Where does the thyroid gland develop at 3-4 weeks gestational age?

At the base of the tongue Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the thyroid hormone in regulating body metabolism?

Maintaining the rate of fat and carbohydrate use Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of endemic goiters?

Iodine deficiency Signup and view all the answers

What is the common characteristic of multinodular goiter?

Multiple thyroid nodules Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of TSH receptors on the thyroid?

Increased thyroid hormone production Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of toxic goiter?

Increased thyroid hormone production Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary risk factor for developing goiter?

Lack of dietary iodine Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary type of thyroid cancer mentioned in the text?

Thyroid carcinoma Signup and view all the answers

What occurs when there is interference with the TRH-TSH thyroid hormone axis?

Increased cellularity and hyperplasia of the thyroid gland Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of TSH in the regulation of thyroid hormone production?

To stimulate thyroid hormone production Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of a deficiency in thyroid hormone synthesis?

Increased TSH production Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of iodine in thyroid hormone production?

To iodinate tyrosine Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for an abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland?

Goiter Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a normally functioning thyroid gland that is enlarged?

Euthyroid goiter Signup and view all the answers