Thyroid Hormone Deficiency and Thyroid Nodules
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Questions and Answers

What is the function of the thyroid hormone calcitonin?

  • Maintenance of body temperature
  • Influence on heart rate
  • Regulation of body metabolism
  • Regulation of the amount of calcium in the blood (correct)

What is the approximate weight of the thyroid gland?

  • 30-40 gm
  • 10-20 gm (correct)
  • 20-30 gm
  • 5-10 gm

What regulates the secretion of thyroid hormones T3 and T4?

  • Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)
  • Hypothalamus
  • Parafollicular cells
  • Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) (correct)

What is the functional unit of the thyroid gland?

<p>Thyroid follicle (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does the thyroid gland develop at 3-4 weeks gestational age?

<p>At the base of the tongue (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the thyroid hormone in regulating body metabolism?

<p>Maintaining the rate of fat and carbohydrate use (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of endemic goiters?

<p>Iodine deficiency (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the common characteristic of multinodular goiter?

<p>Multiple thyroid nodules (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of TSH receptors on the thyroid?

<p>Increased thyroid hormone production (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of toxic goiter?

<p>Increased thyroid hormone production (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary risk factor for developing goiter?

<p>Lack of dietary iodine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary type of thyroid cancer mentioned in the text?

<p>Thyroid carcinoma (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs when there is interference with the TRH-TSH thyroid hormone axis?

<p>Increased cellularity and hyperplasia of the thyroid gland (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of TSH in the regulation of thyroid hormone production?

<p>To stimulate thyroid hormone production (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of a deficiency in thyroid hormone synthesis?

<p>Increased TSH production (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of iodine in thyroid hormone production?

<p>To iodinate tyrosine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for an abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland?

<p>Goiter (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a normally functioning thyroid gland that is enlarged?

<p>Euthyroid goiter (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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