10 Questions
What percentage of the population is affected by thyroid diseases?
5%
Which gender is predominantly affected by diseases of the thyroid?
Females
What is the main hormone secreted predominantly by the thyroid gland?
Thyroxine (T4)
Where are monodeiodinase enzymes, responsible for T3 production, active?
Liver, muscle, heart, and kidney
What is the key substrate for thyroid hormone synthesis?
Iodide
What is the primary hormone secreted by the thyroid gland?
Thyroxine (T4)
What is the approximate half-life of T3 in the blood compared to T4?
18 hours
Where are monodeiodinase enzymes, responsible for T3 production, primarily active?
Liver
What is the approximate percentage of T3 in the blood produced from T4 by monodeiodinase enzymes?
85%
What is the minimum dietary intake of iodide required to maintain thyroid function in adults?
>100 µg/day
Study Notes
Thyroid Diseases
- Approximately 5% of the population is affected by thyroid diseases.
Thyroid Disease Affected Population
- Thyroid diseases predominantly affect females.
Thyroid Hormones
- The main hormone secreted predominantly by the thyroid gland is thyroxine (T4).
- Triiodothyronine (T3) is the primary active form of thyroid hormone.
Monodeiodinase Enzymes
- Monodeiodinase enzymes, responsible for T3 production, are active in the liver and kidneys.
Thyroid Hormone Synthesis
- The key substrate for thyroid hormone synthesis is thyroglobulin.
Thyroid Hormone Production
- The primary hormone secreted by the thyroid gland is thyroxine (T4).
- T3 is produced from T4 by monodeiodinase enzymes, with an approximate half-life of 2.5 days compared to 65-80 hours for T4.
T3 Production
- Monodeiodinase enzymes, responsible for T3 production, are primarily active in the liver and kidneys.
- Approximately 20-30% of T3 in the blood is produced from T4 by monodeiodinase enzymes.
Iodide Intake
- The minimum dietary intake of iodide required to maintain thyroid function in adults is approximately 20-40 μg/day.
Test your knowledge about diseases affecting the thyroid gland, their prevalence, and their impact on cellular differentiation and metabolism. Explore the structural and functional aspects of thyroid diseases.
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