Thyroid Gland and Hormones Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What are the two separate hormones produced by the thyroid gland?

T1 and T2

T4 and T3 (correct)

T3 and T5

T2 and T3

How many iodine atoms are present in each molecule of T4?

Four (correct)

Two

Three

Five

What is the major use of iodine in the body?

By the kidneys

By the liver

By the pancreas

By the thyroid (correct)

Which hormones bind and transport T3 and T4?

Thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG), transthyretin, and albumin Signup and view all the answers

Where are the thyroid hormones synthesized and stored?

In the cells of the thyroid gland Signup and view all the answers

What is the major derangement in iodine deficiency?

Alteration of thyroid function Signup and view all the answers

Where is iodide ingested and absorbed in the body?

In the GI tract Signup and view all the answers

What are the two amino acids that contain iodine molecules bound to their structure?

T4 and T3 Signup and view all the answers

What are the names of the three thyroid-binding hormones?

Thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG), transthyretin, and albumin Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of T3 and T4?

Amino acids with iodine molecules bound to their structure Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal range for serum Free T4?

0.7 to 2.0 ng/dL Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of measuring TSH?

Distinguish subclinical thyroid disease from euthyroid states Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended action for pregnant women according to the American Thyroid Association?

Be screened for thyroid disease Signup and view all the answers

Which method is the procedure of choice for monitoring the changes in T4 secretion during treatment for hyperthyroidism?

Dialysis method for measuring free T4 Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of variations in protein binding on free T4 measured by the dialysis method?

Not affected Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of measuring serum T3 and T4?

Differentiating between disorders of the thyroid gland and pituitary or hypothalamus Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended action for routine screening of adults according to the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)?

Not recommend routine screening Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal range for serum T3?

260 to 480 pg/dL Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of T4 is bound to TBG?

70% Signup and view all the answers

Which factor may interfere with accurate test results for T3 and T4 measurement?

Medications like oral contraceptives and corticosteroids Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the thyroid gland in relation to iodide?

It concentrates iodide from the blood and converts it to thyroid hormones. Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'euthyroid' refer to?

Normal thyroid hormone production Signup and view all the answers

Which thyroid hormone is more potent?

T3 Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of calcitonin secreted by the thyroid gland?

Increases bone deposition Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom of adult hypothyroidism?

Lethargy Signup and view all the answers

What can hyperthyroidism lead to?

Goiter Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a diagnostic evaluation for thyroid disorders?

Electrocardiogram Signup and view all the answers

Before conducting thyroid tests, what should be assessed due to potential allergies?

Iodine and iodine-containing medications Signup and view all the answers

Are shellfish allergies directly related to iodine allergies?

No, they are not related. Signup and view all the answers

What should be documented regarding medications before testing thyroid function?

Medications that may interfere with accurate testing Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Thyroid Gland and Hormones

The thyroid gland efficiently concentrates iodide from the blood and converts it to thyroid hormones.
Thyroid hormone secretion is regulated by TSH from the pituitary gland through a negative feedback mechanism.
Euthyroid refers to normal thyroid hormone production, modulated by TRH from the hypothalamus.
Thyroid hormones control cellular metabolic activity, with T3 being more potent than T4.
Thyroid hormones influence cellular processes, brain development, and normal growth.
Calcitonin, secreted by the thyroid gland, regulates plasma calcium levels by increasing bone deposition.
Congenital hypothyroidism leads to intellectual disabilities and stunted growth, while adult hypothyroidism causes lethargy and weight gain.
Hyperthyroidism results in increased metabolic rate and can lead to goiter, often associated with iodine deficiency.
Diagnostic evaluation for thyroid disorders includes thyroid function tests and imaging studies like ultrasound, CT, and MRI.
Allergies to iodine and iodine-containing medications should be assessed before thyroid tests.
Shellfish allergies are not related to iodine allergies, and patients should be asked about any previous reactions to iodine or shellfish.
Medications that may interfere with accurate testing of thyroid function should be documented and communicated clearly to personnel conducting the test.

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Description

Test your knowledge about the thyroid gland and its hormones with this quiz. Explore topics such as hormone regulation, effects on metabolism, diagnostic evaluations, and related disorders. Brush up on essential information about thyroid function and related medical considerations.