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Questions and Answers
What are the two separate hormones produced by the thyroid gland?
What are the two separate hormones produced by the thyroid gland?
- T1 and T2
- T4 and T3 (correct)
- T3 and T5
- T2 and T3
How many iodine atoms are present in each molecule of T4?
How many iodine atoms are present in each molecule of T4?
- Four (correct)
- Two
- Three
- Five
What is the major use of iodine in the body?
What is the major use of iodine in the body?
- By the kidneys
- By the liver
- By the pancreas
- By the thyroid (correct)
Which hormones bind and transport T3 and T4?
Which hormones bind and transport T3 and T4?
Where are the thyroid hormones synthesized and stored?
Where are the thyroid hormones synthesized and stored?
What is the major derangement in iodine deficiency?
What is the major derangement in iodine deficiency?
Where is iodide ingested and absorbed in the body?
Where is iodide ingested and absorbed in the body?
What are the two amino acids that contain iodine molecules bound to their structure?
What are the two amino acids that contain iodine molecules bound to their structure?
What are the names of the three thyroid-binding hormones?
What are the names of the three thyroid-binding hormones?
What is the composition of T3 and T4?
What is the composition of T3 and T4?
What is the normal range for serum Free T4?
What is the normal range for serum Free T4?
What is the primary function of measuring TSH?
What is the primary function of measuring TSH?
What is the recommended action for pregnant women according to the American Thyroid Association?
What is the recommended action for pregnant women according to the American Thyroid Association?
Which method is the procedure of choice for monitoring the changes in T4 secretion during treatment for hyperthyroidism?
Which method is the procedure of choice for monitoring the changes in T4 secretion during treatment for hyperthyroidism?
What is the effect of variations in protein binding on free T4 measured by the dialysis method?
What is the effect of variations in protein binding on free T4 measured by the dialysis method?
What is the primary function of measuring serum T3 and T4?
What is the primary function of measuring serum T3 and T4?
What is the recommended action for routine screening of adults according to the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)?
What is the recommended action for routine screening of adults according to the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)?
What is the normal range for serum T3?
What is the normal range for serum T3?
What percentage of T4 is bound to TBG?
What percentage of T4 is bound to TBG?
Which factor may interfere with accurate test results for T3 and T4 measurement?
Which factor may interfere with accurate test results for T3 and T4 measurement?
What is the role of the thyroid gland in relation to iodide?
What is the role of the thyroid gland in relation to iodide?
What does the term 'euthyroid' refer to?
What does the term 'euthyroid' refer to?
Which thyroid hormone is more potent?
Which thyroid hormone is more potent?
What is the function of calcitonin secreted by the thyroid gland?
What is the function of calcitonin secreted by the thyroid gland?
What is a common symptom of adult hypothyroidism?
What is a common symptom of adult hypothyroidism?
What can hyperthyroidism lead to?
What can hyperthyroidism lead to?
Which of the following is not a diagnostic evaluation for thyroid disorders?
Which of the following is not a diagnostic evaluation for thyroid disorders?
Before conducting thyroid tests, what should be assessed due to potential allergies?
Before conducting thyroid tests, what should be assessed due to potential allergies?
Are shellfish allergies directly related to iodine allergies?
Are shellfish allergies directly related to iodine allergies?
What should be documented regarding medications before testing thyroid function?
What should be documented regarding medications before testing thyroid function?
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Study Notes
Thyroid Gland and Hormones
- The thyroid gland efficiently concentrates iodide from the blood and converts it to thyroid hormones.
- Thyroid hormone secretion is regulated by TSH from the pituitary gland through a negative feedback mechanism.
- Euthyroid refers to normal thyroid hormone production, modulated by TRH from the hypothalamus.
- Thyroid hormones control cellular metabolic activity, with T3 being more potent than T4.
- Thyroid hormones influence cellular processes, brain development, and normal growth.
- Calcitonin, secreted by the thyroid gland, regulates plasma calcium levels by increasing bone deposition.
- Congenital hypothyroidism leads to intellectual disabilities and stunted growth, while adult hypothyroidism causes lethargy and weight gain.
- Hyperthyroidism results in increased metabolic rate and can lead to goiter, often associated with iodine deficiency.
- Diagnostic evaluation for thyroid disorders includes thyroid function tests and imaging studies like ultrasound, CT, and MRI.
- Allergies to iodine and iodine-containing medications should be assessed before thyroid tests.
- Shellfish allergies are not related to iodine allergies, and patients should be asked about any previous reactions to iodine or shellfish.
- Medications that may interfere with accurate testing of thyroid function should be documented and communicated clearly to personnel conducting the test.
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