Thyroid Gland Anatomy and Regulation Quiz

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What is the main function of T3 in the body?

Control the Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) (correct)

Manage electrolyte balance

Regulate growth and maturation rate

Influence CNS development and function

Where is T4 (Thyroxine) made exclusively in the body?

Hypothalamus

Pituitary gland

Peripheral tissues

Thyroid gland (correct)

What is the ratio of T4 to T3 in the body?

1::10

1::5

5::1 (correct)

10::1

Which gland has a positive effect on TSH production?

Pituitary gland Signup and view all the answers

What does T4 convert into in peripheral tissues?

T3 Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of thyroid hormones on muscle metabolism?

Increase ATP production Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of ATP in the body?

Increase glucose uptake by the cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of low thyroid hormones on electrolyte balance?

Hyponatremia Signup and view all the answers

Which system does hyperthyroidism affect?

Cardiovascular system Signup and view all the answers

In which condition does TSH high usually indicate?

Hypothyroidism Signup and view all the answers

What does thyrotoxicosis refer to?

State of thyroid hormone excess Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of hyperthyroidism on the cardiovascular system?

Increases oxygen consumption Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of ATP in muscle metabolism?

Modulate strength and velocity of contraction Signup and view all the answers

How does hypothyroidism affect heart rate?

Reduces heart rate Signup and view all the answers

'Graves disease' is associated with which symptom?

[Tachycardia; warm, moist skin; stare; tremor] Signup and view all the answers

How does hyperthyroidism affect mood?

Mood modulation Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the heart-lung machine (cardio-pulmonary bypass) in open heart surgery?

To create a bloodless and motionless field for easier anastomosis Signup and view all the answers

Which surgical approach is mainly used in open heart surgery?

Median sternotomy Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary indication for surgery in cases of end stage heart diseases and end stage lung diseases?

Heart-lung transplantation Signup and view all the answers

In open heart surgery, how is the heart protected from ischemia during the operation?

By cardioplegic solution and local & systemic cooling Signup and view all the answers

Which type of heart surgery involves a surgical procedure without the use of the heart-lung machine (cardio-pulmonary bypass)?

Beating heart surgery Signup and view all the answers

What is the surgical procedure mainly used for correcting anomlies such as ASD, VSD, TOF, and TGA in congenital heart diseases?

Correction of anomlies eg.ASD-VSD-TOF-TGA Signup and view all the answers