Thyroid Gland Anatomy and Regulation Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of T3 in the body?

  • Control the Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) (correct)
  • Manage electrolyte balance
  • Regulate growth and maturation rate
  • Influence CNS development and function

Where is T4 (Thyroxine) made exclusively in the body?

  • Hypothalamus
  • Pituitary gland
  • Peripheral tissues
  • Thyroid gland (correct)

What is the ratio of T4 to T3 in the body?

  • 1::10
  • 1::5
  • 5::1 (correct)
  • 10::1

Which gland has a positive effect on TSH production?

<p>Pituitary gland (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does T4 convert into in peripheral tissues?

<p>T3 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of thyroid hormones on muscle metabolism?

<p>Increase ATP production (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of ATP in the body?

<p>Increase glucose uptake by the cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of low thyroid hormones on electrolyte balance?

<p>Hyponatremia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which system does hyperthyroidism affect?

<p>Cardiovascular system (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which condition does TSH high usually indicate?

<p>Hypothyroidism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does thyrotoxicosis refer to?

<p>State of thyroid hormone excess (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of hyperthyroidism on the cardiovascular system?

<p>Increases oxygen consumption (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of ATP in muscle metabolism?

<p>Modulate strength and velocity of contraction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does hypothyroidism affect heart rate?

<p>Reduces heart rate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Graves disease' is associated with which symptom?

<p>[Tachycardia; warm, moist skin; stare; tremor] (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does hyperthyroidism affect mood?

<p>Mood modulation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the heart-lung machine (cardio-pulmonary bypass) in open heart surgery?

<p>To create a bloodless and motionless field for easier anastomosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which surgical approach is mainly used in open heart surgery?

<p>Median sternotomy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary indication for surgery in cases of end stage heart diseases and end stage lung diseases?

<p>Heart-lung transplantation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In open heart surgery, how is the heart protected from ischemia during the operation?

<p>By cardioplegic solution and local &amp; systemic cooling (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of heart surgery involves a surgical procedure without the use of the heart-lung machine (cardio-pulmonary bypass)?

<p>Beating heart surgery (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the surgical procedure mainly used for correcting anomlies such as ASD, VSD, TOF, and TGA in congenital heart diseases?

<p>Correction of anomlies eg.ASD-VSD-TOF-TGA (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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