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Questions and Answers
What is the primary cause of hypothyroidism?
What is the primary cause of hypothyroidism?
- Graves' disease
- Pituitary gland problems
- Iodine deficiency (correct)
- Thyroid surgery
What is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism?
What is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism?
- Thyroiditis
- Tumors
- Graves' disease (correct)
- Toxic nodular goiter
What is the typical treatment for thyroiditis?
What is the typical treatment for thyroiditis?
- Pain management and anti-inflammatory medications (correct)
- Surgery
- Radioactive iodine therapy
- Thyroid hormone replacement medication
What is the most common type of thyroid cancer?
What is the most common type of thyroid cancer?
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What is the primary symptom of Graves' disease?
What is the primary symptom of Graves' disease?
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What is the treatment for hypothyroidism?
What is the treatment for hypothyroidism?
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What is the cause of hyperthyroidism in Graves' disease?
What is the cause of hyperthyroidism in Graves' disease?
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What is the symptom of thyroiditis that is not typically seen in hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism?
What is the symptom of thyroiditis that is not typically seen in hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism?
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What is the treatment for thyroid cancer?
What is the treatment for thyroid cancer?
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What is the symptom of Graves' disease that is not typically seen in hyperthyroidism?
What is the symptom of Graves' disease that is not typically seen in hyperthyroidism?
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Study Notes
Thyroid Disorders
Hypothyroidism
- Definition: Underactive thyroid gland, producing insufficient thyroid hormones
- Causes:
- Iodine deficiency
- Autoimmune disease (Hashimoto's thyroiditis)
- Radiation therapy
- Thyroid surgery
- Pituitary gland problems
- Symptoms:
- Fatigue
- Weight gain
- Cold intolerance
- Dry skin
- Hair loss
- Constipation
- Treatment:
- Thyroid hormone replacement medication (levothyroxine)
Hyperthyroidism
- Definition: Overactive thyroid gland, producing excessive thyroid hormones
- Causes:
- Graves' disease (most common)
- Toxic nodular goiter
- Thyroiditis
- Tumors
- Symptoms:
- Weight loss
- Nervousness
- Anxiety
- Fatigue
- Heat intolerance
- Rapid heartbeat
- Treatment:
- Medications to reduce thyroid hormone production (methimazole)
- Radioactive iodine therapy
- Surgery (thyroidectomy)
Thyroiditis
- Definition: Inflammation of the thyroid gland
- Causes:
- Viral infections
- Bacterial infections
- Autoimmune disorders
- Radiation exposure
- Symptoms:
- Pain in the thyroid area
- Swollen thyroid gland
- Fatigue
- Weight changes
- Mood changes
- Treatment:
- Pain management
- Anti-inflammatory medications
- Antibiotics (if bacterial infection)
Thyroid Cancer
- Definition: Malignant growth of thyroid cells
- Types:
- Papillary thyroid cancer (most common)
- Follicular thyroid cancer
- Medullary thyroid cancer
- Anaplastic thyroid cancer
- Causes:
- Radiation exposure
- Genetic mutations
- Family history
- Symptoms:
- Lump in the neck
- Hoarseness
- Difficulty swallowing
- Pain in the thyroid area
- Treatment:
- Surgery (thyroidectomy)
- Radioactive iodine therapy
- Chemotherapy
Graves' Disease
- Definition: Autoimmune disorder causing hyperthyroidism
- Causes:
- Genetic predisposition
- Hormonal changes
- Stress
- Symptoms:
- Weight loss
- Nervousness
- Anxiety
- Fatigue
- Heat intolerance
- Rapid heartbeat
- Bulging eyes (exophthalmos)
- Treatment:
- Medications to reduce thyroid hormone production (methimazole)
- Radioactive iodine therapy
- Surgery (thyroidectomy)
- Beta blockers to manage symptoms
Thyroid Disorders
Hypothyroidism
- Underactive thyroid gland, producing insufficient thyroid hormones
- Causes: iodine deficiency, autoimmune disease (Hashimoto's thyroiditis), radiation therapy, thyroid surgery, pituitary gland problems
- Symptoms: fatigue, weight gain, cold intolerance, dry skin, hair loss, constipation
- Treatment: thyroid hormone replacement medication (levothyroxine)
Hyperthyroidism
- Overactive thyroid gland, producing excessive thyroid hormones
- Causes: Graves' disease, toxic nodular goiter, thyroiditis, tumors
- Symptoms: weight loss, nervousness, anxiety, fatigue, heat intolerance, rapid heartbeat
- Treatment: medications to reduce thyroid hormone production (methimazole), radioactive iodine therapy, surgery (thyroidectomy)
Thyroiditis
- Inflammation of the thyroid gland
- Causes: viral infections, bacterial infections, autoimmune disorders, radiation exposure
- Symptoms: pain in the thyroid area, swollen thyroid gland, fatigue, weight changes, mood changes
- Treatment: pain management, anti-inflammatory medications, antibiotics (if bacterial infection)
Thyroid Cancer
- Malignant growth of thyroid cells
- Types: papillary thyroid cancer, follicular thyroid cancer, medullary thyroid cancer, anaplastic thyroid cancer
- Causes: radiation exposure, genetic mutations, family history
- Symptoms: lump in the neck, hoarseness, difficulty swallowing, pain in the thyroid area
- Treatment: surgery (thyroidectomy), radioactive iodine therapy, chemotherapy
Graves' Disease
- Autoimmune disorder causing hyperthyroidism
- Causes: genetic predisposition, hormonal changes, stress
- Symptoms: weight loss, nervousness, anxiety, fatigue, heat intolerance, rapid heartbeat, bulging eyes (exophthalmos)
- Treatment: medications to reduce thyroid hormone production (methimazole), radioactive iodine therapy, surgery (thyroidectomy), beta blockers to manage symptoms
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