Thrombosis in Veterinary Medicine

<p>443 days (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dual therapy of Rivaroxaban and Clopidogrel (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Asthma (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Presence of coagulopathy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Colitis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Animals with a single strong risk factor (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Standard needle procedures (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dogs with IMHA (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Duodenitis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thrombotic events (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased pulse in the affected area (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Massive thrombosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ultrasound or other imaging methods (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Acute onset dyspnea (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased heart rate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Warmth and swelling over the vein (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Exposure of procoagulant triggers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Acute kidney injury (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sepsis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Predominantly platelets (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Loss related to conditions like GI diseases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Activation of intrinsic pathway (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Red clots (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Left atrial dilation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Decreased blood flow (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Arterial clots (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>IMHA (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>PSS (Portosystemic Shunt) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>IMHA (cats) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Both are categorized under insufficient evidence for thrombosis risk. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Heartworm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>No clear evidence shows one drug or class superior to another. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sepsis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>PSS (dog) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Erythrocyte agglutination and thrombocytopenia. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Can be administered intravenously or subcutaneously. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increases the release of lipoprotein lipase and hepatic lipase. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Prevention of platelet activation from EHV-1. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>LMWH has a longer half-life, requiring less frequent dosing. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Potentiating the activity of antithrombin. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Different horses require different doses of UFH for the same therapeutic effect. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By measuring the activity of Factor Xa in the blood. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

IMHA (Immune-Mediated Hemolytic Anemia) has a strong risk of thrombosis.

Dogs with PLN (Protein-Losing Nephropathy) have a yes risk for thrombus formation.

Pancreatitis presents a yes risk for thrombosis in affected animals.

Neoplasia (cancer) poses a yes risk for thrombosis.

Feline heart disease is strongly associated with thrombosis risk.

Heartworm has a 'yes' recommendation for antithrombotics due to thrombosis risk.

Cats with IMHA have a weak risk for thrombosis but still considered for treatment.

Antithrombotic drugs include antiplatelet, anticoagulant, and fibrinolytic agents.

Medications like Rivaroxaban and Apixaban that inhibit Factor Xa directly, without needing antithrombin.

Direct Xa inhibitors have consistent absorption and their effectiveness isn't affected by food intake.

Direct Xa inhibitors permanently inhibit Factor Xa, complicating rapid drug effect reversal.

Clopidogrel is recommended for the prevention of ATE in cats, showing longer recurrence times compared to Aspirin.

Case reports suggest dual therapy with Rivaroxaban and Clopidogrel could extend the time to ATE recurrence in cats.

A condition with increased procoagulant proteins, leading to a higher risk of blood clots.

Proteins that promote blood clotting; increase in certain conditions like sepsis or surgery.

Proteins that prevent blood coagulation; their decrease raises clotting risk.

A condition of decreased or abnormal blood flow, promoting clot formation.

The clotting process activated in response to blood vessel injury, decreasing blood flow.

Clots formed in arteries, primarily made up of platelets and activated by high shear flow.

Clots formed in veins, rich in fibrin and erythrocytes, occurring due to low pressure.

Heart issues in cats, marked by dilation of the left atrium, affecting blood flow.

Septic dogs without coagulopathy are at risk of thrombosis.

A condition in foals that can worsen prognosis if coagulopathy is present.

Inflammation of the jugular vein, often in horses post-colic treatment.

Carcinomas in dogs are associated with an increased risk of thrombosis.

Required in animals with existing thrombi or multiple moderate risk factors.

Can result from a thrombotic event rather than causing it.

Dialysis activates coagulation during treatment, increasing thrombus risk.

CURATIVE guidelines recommend antithrombotics for certain high-risk cases.

An anticoagulant that potentiates antithrombin inhibition.

Heparin type that binds to antithrombin and factors IIa, Xa.

Heparin form that primarily binds to factor Xa.

A type of LMWH used for anticoagulation.

Another LMWH, similar uses as dalteparin.

Measurement used to dose heparin effectively.

Clumping of red blood cells, a side effect of UFH in horses.

Heparin helps release lipoprotein and hepatic lipase in horses.

Formation of a blood clot inside a blood vessel, obstructing flow.

A condition where a clot breaks free and travels to block another vessel.

Shock due to impaired blood flow affecting oxygen delivery to organs.

Small blood clots formed in the microcirculation, often causing organ dysfunction.

Painful and hard muscles due to reduced blood flow from thrombosis.

Inflammation of a vein with a clot, presenting warmth and swelling.

Blockage of a pulmonary artery by a clot, leading to sudden breathing difficulties.

A state where blood is more prone to clotting than normal, increasing thrombosis risk.