31 Questions
What are the factors that contribute to the formation of arterial thrombosis?
High-shear flow and platelet-rich thrombus
Which type of thrombosis involves a thrombus forming at a distant site from the original clot location?
Venous Thromboembolism (VTE/PE)
According to Virchow’s Triangle, which factor is one of the contributors to thrombosis?
Blood stasis
What is unique about the composition of an embolus in arterial thromboembolism?
Fibrin-rich/platelet-poor embolus
Which type of thrombosis involves a thrombus that may form at the site of vascular injury?
Venous Thrombosis (DVT)
What is the significance of hypercoagulability in the physiology of thrombosis?
It increases the risk of clot formation
What is the primary mechanism of action of aspirin as an antiplatelet drug?
Inhibits cyclooxygenase
Which breed of cat has the highest relative risk for hypercoagulability?
Maine Coon
What is the primary effect of low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs) on coagulation?
Inhibit factor Xa
Which of the following is NOT a potential sequelae of aortic trifurcation embolism in cats?
Hematuria
What is the recommended initial dosage of clopidogrel for dogs with cardiogenic embolism?
10 mg/kg PO at presentation
Which of the following is a potential clinical sign of pulmonary embolism in dogs?
Vomiting and diarrhea
What should be considered to reduce continued thrombus formation in the acute management of cardiogenic embolism?
Begin anticoagulation with LMWH
What is the most common cause of death in the acute period of cardiogenic embolism?
Reperfusion injury
Which factor does aspirin NOT affect in its mechanism of action as an antiplatelet drug?
Protein C activation
Which anticoagulant has high variability in pharmacodynamic response and requires monitoring with PT/INR?
Warfarin
What is a characteristic feature of arterial thrombosis?
High-shear flow
Which factor contributes to the physiology of thrombosis according to Virchow's Triangle?
Hypercoagulability
What is a key difference between venous thrombosis and arterial thrombosis?
Fibrin-rich/platelet-poor embolus in venous thrombosis
What type of thromboembolism involves an embolus obstructing a normal vessel at a distant site?
Arterial Thromboembolism (ATE)
Which condition is associated with reduced regulation of clotting factors?
Excessive clotting factors
What is the primary mechanism of action of clopidogrel as an antiplatelet drug?
Antagonizes ADP receptors
Which breed of cat has the second-highest relative risk for hypercoagulability according to the provided text?
Tonkinese
What is the primary effect of vitamin K antagonists like warfarin on coagulation factors?
Inhibits Factor II
Which of the following clinical conditions is NOT associated with platelet hyperreactivity according to the text?
Hyperadrenocorticism
Which anticoagulant does NOT primarily inhibit thrombin (IIa) but instead primarily inhibits Xa through ATIII?
Low Molecular Weight Heparins (LMWH)
What are the primary sequelae of aortic trifurcation (saddle thrombus) embolism in cats?
Ischemic neuromyopathy and pulmonary embolism
What is the recommended initial dosage of enoxaparin, a Low Molecular Weight Heparin (LMWH), in dogs for thrombosis treatment?
1 mg/kg SQ q 12-24 hr
What is the primary complication that can result from a sudden resumption in blood flow to ischemic tissues, known as reperfusion injury?
Tissue necrosis
What is a potential treatment option to increase collateral flow in cats with cardiogenic embolism?
Nitroglycerine ointment
What is one significant difference between clopidogrel and aspirin as antiplatelet drugs based on the text?
Clopidogrel has no effect on thromboxane A2 production while aspirin does.
Test your knowledge on thrombosis and thromboembolism in small animal medicine. Identify risk factors, types of thrombosis, and characteristics of arterial thrombosis vs. arterial thromboembolism.
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