Threats to Validity in Research
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Questions and Answers

In epidemiologic studies, what is the term for systematic error that arises when information collected about or from study subjects is erroneous?

  • Sampling bias
  • Information bias (correct)
  • Selection bias
  • Confounding bias
  • What is the term for misclassification of disease that is not different for exposed and unexposed subjects?

  • Differential misclassification
  • Random misclassification
  • Systematic misclassification
  • Nondifferential misclassification (correct)
  • What strategy can be used to minimize loss to follow-up in cohort studies?

  • Exclude participants who drop out
  • Use standardized follow-up procedures (correct)
  • Ignore loss to follow-up
  • Increase the duration of the study
  • Which type of bias can result in underestimation of the incidence of disease in a particular group relative to another?

    <p>Selection bias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason for loss to follow-up in epidemiologic studies?

    <p>Getting sicker</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes the systematic error in a study that stems from procedures used to select subjects and factors influencing study participation?

    <p>Selection bias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In epidemiologic studies, what type of bias can occur when the selection of controls is related to the exposure being studied?

    <p>Selection bias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of error is reflected by p-values and confidence intervals in a study?

    <p>Random error</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for bias due to how information is collected on subjects in a study?

    <p>Information bias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bias results from procedures used to select subjects and from factors influencing study participation?

    <p>Selection bias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Bias due to how subjects are selected into a study' is also known as:

    <p>Selection bias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes the misclassification of disease that is not different for exposed and unexposed subjects?

    <p>Information bias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Bias due to how information is collected on subjects in a study' can be best described as:

    <p>Information bias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Systematic error in a study that stems from procedures used to select subjects and from factors that influence study participation' refers to:

    <p>Selection bias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Random vs. Systematic Error' is reflected by which statistical indicators?

    <p>Confidence intervals and p-values</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes the misclassification of disease that is not different for exposed and unexposed subjects?

    <p>Information bias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bias can result in underestimation of the incidence of disease in a particular group relative to another?

    <p>Selection bias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Bias due to how subjects are selected into a study' is also known as:

    <p>Selection bias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for bias due to how information is collected on subjects in a study?

    <p>Information bias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Systematic error in a study that stems from procedures used to select subjects and from factors that influence study participation' refers to:

    <p>Selection bias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Random vs. Systematic Error' is reflected by which statistical indicators?

    <p>P-values and confidence intervals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Bias due to how information is collected on subjects in a study' can be best described as:

    <p>Information bias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Bias due to how subjects are selected into a study' is also known as:

    <p>Selection bias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In epidemiologic studies, what term describes the bias that can occur when the selection of controls is related to the exposure being studied?

    <p>Selection bias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes the systematic error in a study that stems from procedures used to select subjects and factors influencing study participation?

    <p>Selection bias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Random vs. Systematic Error' is reflected by which statistical indicators?

    <p>P-values</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Bias due to how information is collected on subjects in a study' can be best described as:

    <p>Information bias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bias results from procedures used to select subjects and from factors influencing study participation?

    <p>Selection bias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Bias due to how subjects are selected into a study' is also known as:

    <p>Selection bias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Systematic error in a study that stems from procedures used to select subjects and from factors that influence study participation' refers to:

    <p>Selection bias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Bias due to how information collected about or from study subjects is erroneous' is known as:

    <p>Information bias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for misclassification of disease that is not different for exposed and unexposed subjects?

    <p>Nondifferential misclassification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bias can result in underestimation of the incidence of disease in a particular group relative to another?

    <p>Selection bias</p> Signup and view all the answers

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