Thienamycin: Introduction, Potency, and Resistance
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Questions and Answers

What is the mechanism of action of Aztreonam?

  • It is a powerful and irreversible inhibitor of most β-lactamases
  • It disrupts various stages of the translation process
  • It operates via a mechanism different from penicillins and cephalosporins (correct)
  • It inhibits protein synthesis by binding to ribosomes

What is the structural uniqueness of Clavulanic Acid among β-lactamase inhibitors?

  • It lacks an acylamino side chain
  • It has (R) stereochemistry at positions 2 and 5
  • It is fused to an oxazolidine ring (correct)
  • It contains a strained β-lactam ring

Why is the activity of an antibiotic reduced but not eliminated if the double bond of the enol ether is in the E configuration?

  • The antibiotic becomes more stable in the E configuration
  • The antibiotic binds more effectively to ribosomes with the E configuration
  • The Z configuration is essential for inhibition (correct)
  • The antibiotic becomes less susceptible to degradation with the E configuration

What is the main reason for thienamycin's resistance to β-lactamases?

<p>Unusual absence of a sulfur atom and presence of an acylamino side chain (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes ertapenem from imipenam and meropenem?

<p>Presence of an extra substituent on the carbapenem ring (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What makes meropenem more resistant to metabolism compared to imipenam?

<p>Different substituent at position 2 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the activation mechanism for cidofovir?

<p>Cellular kinases catalyze two additional phosphorylation steps (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the phosphonomethylene group in cidofovir?

<p>It replaces the sugar and phosphate groups (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is unique about famciclovir's design for prodrug enhancement?

<p>Its alcohol groups are masked as esters for improved absorption (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does ganciclovir differ from penciclovir structurally?

<p>Ganciclovir contains an extra hydroxymethylene group (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers
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