Thienamycin: Introduction, Potency, and Resistance
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Questions and Answers

What is the mechanism of action of Aztreonam?

  • It is a powerful and irreversible inhibitor of most β-lactamases
  • It disrupts various stages of the translation process
  • It operates via a mechanism different from penicillins and cephalosporins (correct)
  • It inhibits protein synthesis by binding to ribosomes

    • What is the structural uniqueness of Clavulanic Acid among β-lactamase inhibitors?

  • It lacks an acylamino side chain
  • It has (R) stereochemistry at positions 2 and 5
  • It is fused to an oxazolidine ring (correct)
  • It contains a strained β-lactam ring

    • Why is the activity of an antibiotic reduced but not eliminated if the double bond of the enol ether is in the E configuration?

  • The antibiotic becomes more stable in the E configuration
  • The antibiotic binds more effectively to ribosomes with the E configuration
  • The Z configuration is essential for inhibition (correct)
  • The antibiotic becomes less susceptible to degradation with the E configuration

    • What is the main reason for thienamycin's resistance to β-lactamases?

    <p>Unusual absence of a sulfur atom and presence of an acylamino side chain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes ertapenem from imipenam and meropenem?

    <p>Presence of an extra substituent on the carbapenem ring</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What makes meropenem more resistant to metabolism compared to imipenam?

    <p>Different substituent at position 2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the activation mechanism for cidofovir?

    <p>Cellular kinases catalyze two additional phosphorylation steps</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the phosphonomethylene group in cidofovir?

    <p>It replaces the sugar and phosphate groups</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is unique about famciclovir's design for prodrug enhancement?

    <p>Its alcohol groups are masked as esters for improved absorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does ganciclovir differ from penciclovir structurally?

    <p>Ganciclovir contains an extra hydroxymethylene group</p> Signup and view all the answers

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