Thermodynamics Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the significance of the non-zero parameters 'a' and 'b' in the van der Waals equation?

'a' accounts for intermolecular attraction and 'b' accounts for molecular volume. (correct)
'a' accounts for molecular volume and 'b' accounts for intermolecular attraction.
'a' accounts for temperature and 'b' accounts for pressure.
'a' indicates the gas is ideal while 'b' indicates it is real.

In the ideal gas model, how is the change in specific internal energy expressed?

It is independent of temperature and depends solely on volume.
It is proportional to the pressure difference across the gas.
It is a constant multiplied by the difference in temperatures. (correct)
It varies with pressure only and does not relate to temperature changes.

Which of the following best describes a perfect gas?

Its internal energy is only dependent on pressure variations.
It is a theoretical gas that conforms perfectly to the ideal gas law. (correct)
It behaves ideally at all temperatures and pressures without exception.
It has significant deviations from the ideal behavior at high pressures.

What role does the constant pressure play in the heat transfer process described?

It provides a reference for calculating enthalpy changes. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is indicated by the slope of the ${u(T)}$ curve in the ideal gas model?

It is a constant for a specific process with linear relationship in T. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is referred to as a CONTROL VOLUME (C.V.) in thermodynamics?

A fixed region of space where energy and material flow occur (D) Signup and view all the answers

What does the C.V.SURFACE refer to?

The interface that separates energy and material exchange (B) Signup and view all the answers

In the context of a reciprocating engine, what is a CONTROL SYSTEM?

A fixed, identifiable quantity of material within the engine (D) Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main viewpoints in thermodynamics?

Macroscopic and microscopic descriptions (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the concept of SYSTEM BOUNDARY?

An imaginary surface that separates the system from its surroundings (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes 'intensive properties'?

Properties that do not change with the scale of the system (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a unique aspect of a CONTROL VOLUME compared to a CONTROL SYSTEM?

It can account for both energy and material flow across its boundaries (C) Signup and view all the answers

What type of energy is related to the position of an object in a gravitational field?

Potential energy (C) Signup and view all the answers

When applying thermodynamic analysis, which of the following is generally NOT of interest?

Changes in solid material properties (A) Signup and view all the answers

In the context of the first law of thermodynamics, what is considered a steady flow process?

A process where the mass flow rate remains constant (B) Signup and view all the answers

In the steam turbine example, what happens to the energy in the turbine?

It is transformed into heat and work (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best defines 'internal energy'?

The energy contained within the system, related to temperature and phase (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the movement of the piston doing to the enclosed air + petrol vapour during compression?

Changing the shape and volume but not the mass (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does the two-property rule in thermodynamics refer to?

A system can be defined by any two properties (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following processes is NOT typically associated with the first law of thermodynamics?

An isolated system with no energy exchange (C) Signup and view all the answers

What does the Two-Property Rule allow us to do?

Plot process paths on a two-dimensional diagram. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a heat exchanger in thermodynamics?

To allow heat transfer between two fluids without mixing them (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements correctly describes a quasi-equilibrium process?

All intermediate states can be treated as equilibrium states. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the process from state 1 to state 2 in a diesel engine cylinder?

Air is compressed as the piston moves to its top position. (B) Signup and view all the answers

In the context of a cyclic process, which statement is true?

A mechanical cycle consists of repeated sequences of processes. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by the term 'uniform' in the context of properties?

A property does not vary within a given space at a specific time. (B) Signup and view all the answers

During process 2 - 3 in a diesel engine, what is occurring?

The air expands while experiencing heat transfer. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following properties are commonly used to illustrate quasi-equilibrium process paths?

Specific volume and pressure (B) Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during the compression process in a diesel engine?

The temperature and pressure both typically increase. (D) Signup and view all the answers

At what pressure was the gas initially contained in the storage bottle before the balloon began to inflate?

60 bar (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the work transfer across the system boundary during the inflation of the balloon?

It is positive because the gas does work on the balloon. (B) Signup and view all the answers

In a constant-volume process, what can be said about the pressure of the gas?

Pressure remains constant throughout the process. (B) Signup and view all the answers

For a polytropic process where n > 1, which statement is true regarding the relationship between pressure and volume?

Pressure increases as volume decreases following a specific exponent. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the temperature of the gas in an adiabatic process?

It can change depending on the specific work done by or on the gas. (D) Signup and view all the answers

How is work calculated in a constant-pressure process?

W = P * (V2 - V1) (A) Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes a process where the gas pressure varies linearly with piston displacement?

The work done can be calculated as a triangle area on a graph. (C) Signup and view all the answers

In which scenario is the first law of thermodynamics not applicable as in parts (a) to (e)?

In an adiabatic process with changing temperature. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What describes the air in the bottle at the end of a process?

It can be said to have undergone a quasi-equilibrium process under specific conditions. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which condition indicates that a system is a control volume?

Mass crosses the boundary at two ports. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of changing the height of the liquid surface in an intermediate state?

The heights continue to oscillate before reaching equilibrium. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true about properties when climbers reach camp B?

There is only one value needed to describe their system. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What happens at any instant during a process involving a system with two properties?

Two properties suffice to define the system due to uniform height. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which scenario indicates a cycle has occurred?

The process begins and ends at the same state. (C) Signup and view all the answers

If the partition is replaced during a process, what is likely to occur?

The heights on each side will oscillate for a finite time. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best characterizes a system where gas crosses the boundary?

It is classified as a control volume. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Macroscopic Viewpoint

Describes the behaviour of a system based on its overall properties like pressure, volume, and temperature.

System

A defined region in space chosen for study, separated from its surroundings by a real or imaginary boundary.

System State

A specific condition of a system, defined by a set of properties like temperature, pressure, and volume.

Change of State

The change in a system's state due to interactions with its surroundings, usually involving energy transfer.