36 Questions
What is the relation between entropy and thermodynamic probability?
S = k log e W
Which process will be spontaneous if the total entropy increases?
Adiabatic expansion
What is the entropy change during an isothermal process?
ΔS = nR ln 2
What happens to the entropy of the surroundings in an exothermic process?
It increases
What is the unit of entropy?
J/K
What is the characteristic of a reversible adiabatic process?
ΔS = 0
Who demonstrated the maximum convertibility of heat into work using an imaginary reversible cycle?
Carnot
What is the entropy change during a phase transition, such as melting or boiling?
It is accompanied by an increase in entropy
What is the unit of entropy?
JK⁻¹
What is entropy a measure of?
The randomness or disorder of the molecules of the system
What is the unit of entropy?
Joules per kelvin (J/K)
What is the essential condition for a cyclic process?
Net work done is equal to heat absorbed
What is the expression for the free energy change of a system?
ΔG = ΔH - TΔS
What is Clausius' statement about heat transfer?
Heat cannot pass from a colder body to a hotter body
What is the Gibbs free energy of a system a measure of?
The maximum useful work done by a system
What is the entropy change of fusion, ΔSf, given by?
ΔSf = ΔHf / Tf
What is entropy an example of?
Extensive property
What is the characteristic of a phase transition?
It occurs at a definite temperature
What is the result of heat transfer in an exothermic process on the entropy of the surroundings?
Entropy of the surroundings increases
What is the relationship between entropy and disorder in a system?
Entropy is directly proportional to disorder
What is the characteristic of an isothermal process?
Temperature remains constant
What is the expression for entropy change in an isobaric process?
ΔS = nCp ln(T2/T1)
What is the entropy change during an adiabatic expansion?
ΔS = 0
What is the relationship between entropy and thermodynamic probability?
S = k log e W
During a phase transition at a definite temperature, what is the direction of heat transfer?
Heat is always absorbed by the system
What is the correct expression for the entropy change during a phase transition?
ΔS = ΔH / T
Which of the following is a characteristic of a reversible reaction at constant temperature and pressure?
Maximum work done is equal to the free energy change
What is the effect of an increase in entropy on the spontaneity of a process?
The process becomes more spontaneous
During a phase transition, what is the relation between the entropy change and the latent heat?
Entropy change is directly proportional to the latent heat
What is the significance of the Gibbs free energy change in a reversible reaction?
It is a measure of the maximum work done
What is implied by Clausius' statement about heat transfer?
Heat cannot pass spontaneously from a colder body to a hotter body.
What is the primary purpose of the Carnot cycle?
To demonstrate the maximum convertibility of heat into work.
What is a characteristic of entropy that is relevant to its measurement?
It is an extensive property.
What is the significance of the Carnot cycle in understanding entropy?
It provides a theoretical framework for understanding entropy.
What is implied by the concept of entropy as a measure of randomness or disorder?
Disorder is a more probable state than order.
What is the relevance of temperature to the concept of entropy?
Entropy is measured per unit temperature, in JK⁻¹.
This quiz covers the concept of phase transitions, entropy change, and free energy in thermodynamics. It includes topics such as melting and boiling points, heat absorption, and latent heat.
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