Thermal Stresses in Mechanics of Solids Quiz

The equation for the expansion of length when the support is allowed to expand freely is given by: $δT = α∆TL$, where δT is the temperature strain, α is the coefficient of thermal expansion, ∆T is the change in temperature, and L is the original length.

The equation for the stress and strains when supports are fixed is given by: $stress = α∆T*E$, where stress is the stress produced, α is the coefficient of thermal expansion, ∆T is the change in temperature, and E is the modulus of elasticity.

The equation for actual expansion when the support yields by δ is given by: $Actual expansion= Expansion due to rise in temperature - δ$

The equation for actual strain when the support yields by δ is given by: $Actual strain = \frac{Actual expansion}{Original length} = (α∆TL−δ)$

The equation for actual stress when the support yields by δ is given by: $Actual stress = \frac{L (α∆TL−δ)}{L} * E = (α∆TL−δ) * E$

Islamic architecture comprises the architectural styles of buildings associated with Islam, including both secular and religious styles from the early history of Islam to the present day.

Certain commonalities are shared by Islamic architectural styles, including local materials and techniques, local dynasties and patrons, different regional centers of artistic production, and sometimes different religious affiliations.

The Islamic era began with the formation of Islam under the leadership of Prophet Muhammad (P.B.U.H) in early 7th-century Arabia.

The first mosque was a structure built by Muhammad in Medina in 622, right after his Hijrah (migration) from Mecca, which corresponds to the site of the present-day Mosque of the Prophet (al-Masjid anNabawi).

Over the rest of the 7th century and in the 8th century, the mosque was repeatedly expanded to include a large flat-roofed prayer hall supported by columns (a hypostyle hall) with a central courtyard, becoming one of the main models for the early mosques built elsewhere.