Therapeutic Communication Quiz

NHS Core Values

• Comportment: Professional behavior in professional settings.
• Competence: Ability to perform successfully and efficiently.
• Caring: Showing kindness and concern.
• Collaboration: Teamwork with a multidisciplinary team.
• Curiosity: Questioning practices to prevent errors.

Professional Identity in Nursing

• Professional behaviors include comportment, professionalism, medical terminology knowledge, effective communication, clinical judgment, and continuing education (evidence-based practice).
• Includes setting boundaries with clients, developing therapeutic relationships, self-reflection, and providing appropriate patient education.

Ethical Principles and Dilemmas

• Ethical dilemmas: Situations requiring a choice between two ethically problematic options. Solutions require thoughtful discussion. Example: truth vs. loyalty.
• Ethical Principles:
  • Autonomy: Respecting patient choices and goals.
  • Veracity: Honesty.
  • Fidelity: Keeping promises.
  • Nonmaleficence: Avoiding harm.
  • Beneficence: Doing good; acting in the patient's best interest.
  • Justice: Fairness and equitable benefit distribution.
  • Advocacy: Supporting the patient's needs.

Ethical Principles in Client Care

• Autonomy: Client's right to refuse care.
• Advocacy: Reporting critical changes and speaking up for the client.
• Beneficence: Actions like holding a dying patient's hand.
• Fidelity: Nurses are accountable for their actions and consequences.
• Justice: Providing care regardless of patient characteristics.

Communication in Nursing

• Verbal Communication: Clear, concise, and effective speaking.
• Non-verbal Communication: Communicating through eye contact, body language, and posture.
• Written Communication: Clear, concise writing with correct language, spelling, and grammar.

Therapeutic Communication Techniques

• Silence, active listening, open-ended questions, clarifying techniques (restating, reflecting, paraphrasing, exploring), general leads, broad opening statements, showing acceptance and recognition, focusing, giving information, presenting reality, summarizing, offering self, and touch.

Non-Therapeutic Communication Techniques

• Closed-ended questions, irrelevant personal questions, offering personal opinions, giving advice, false reassurance, minimizing feelings, changing the topic, "why" questions, value judgments, excessive questioning, approving/disapproving responses, assumptions, social responses, clichés.

SBAR Communication Technique

• A structured communication method (Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation).

HIPAA

• Federal law regarding patient medical record access.

Impaired Glucose Regulation

• Risk factors: Obesity, age, diet, genetics, sedentary lifestyle.
• Diagnosis: Diagnostic labs include GTT (glucose tolerance test), fasting blood glucose, random blood glucose, and HbA1C.

Diabetes Mellitus Diagnostic Criteria

Complications of Uncontrolled Diabetes

• Neuropathy (nerve damage causing pain and burning sensation, affecting hands, feet, legs).
• Nephropathy (kidney damage).
• Retinopathy (eye damage).
• Ketoacidosis risk (high ketone levels).

Interventions for Glucose Regulation

• Client teaching, encouraging healthy diet and active lifestyle, referral to a dietician. Emphasis on patient-centered care and considering family dynamics, culture, and spirituality.

Inadequate Nutrition

• Indicators: Poor wound healing, skin changes, brittle hair and nails, weight loss, loss of appetite, fatigue, anemia, vitamin deficiencies, mouth ulcers.
• Assessment: Weight, lab tests (albumin, prealbumin, glucose, HbA1C, lipid profile, electrolytes, hgb/hct), anthropometric measurements, physical assessment, nutritional screening tools (e.g., Mini Nutritional Assessment).
• Risk Factors: Lack of access to resources, medical conditions (dumping syndrome), anxiety/depression.

Interventions for Optimizing Nutrition

• Assess swallowing, encourage oral care and intake, clock method for visually impaired feeding, balanced diet incorporating preferences.

Anemia

• Low red blood cell count. Low serum albumin is associated with anemia; increases in serum albumin correlate with anemia improvement.
• Best foods: Dark leafy greens, red meat, poultry, liver, seafood, fortified foods, beans, nuts, legumes, seeds.

Perfusion

• The process of blood distribution to tissues throughout the body, requiring adequate cardiac output and patent blood vessels. Maintaining cardiovascular health is essential for optimal perfusion.