Essentials - CH. 1

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary assumption of Theory X regarding the average worker?

They are highly motivated and ambitious.

They are highly skilled and efficient.

They are neutral and can go either way.

They are lazy and dislike work. (correct)

According to Theory X, what is the role of the manager?

To encourage competition among workers.

To provide training and development opportunities.

To closely monitor and control workers' behavior. (correct)

To give workers autonomy and independence.

What motivates workers to perform at a high level, according to Theory X?

Rewards and punishments. (correct)

Recognition and praise from colleagues.

Self-control and commitment to organizational goals.

Opportunities for advancement and promotion.

What is the focus of Theory X managers when developing a work setting?

Maximizing manager control over workers' behaviors. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main implication of Theory Y, according to McGregor?

The limits of collaboration in the organizational setting are not limits of human nature but of management's ingenuity. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary assumption of Theory Y regarding the average worker?

They are not inherently lazy and do not naturally dislike work. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of a manager in a Theory Y organizational setting?

To provide support and advice to employees Signup and view all the answers

According to Theory Y, what determines whether workers consider work to be a source of satisfaction or punishment?

The characteristics of the work setting. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the manager, according to Theory Y?

To give workers autonomy and independence. Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of an organization based on Theory Y?

Decentralized authority and employee autonomy Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following managers is described as holding Theory X assumptions?

Henry Ford Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of a Theory Y manager when designing an organizational setting?

To provide opportunities for employees to be imaginative and exercise initiative Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of a Theory Y manager when evaluating employees?

Their ability to help the organization meet its goals Signup and view all the answers

What is a current debate among managers in organizations today?

How to balance efficiency and effectiveness in organizations Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Theory X Assumptions

Average workers are lazy, dislike work, and try to do as little as possible.
Workers have little ambition and wish to avoid responsibility.
Managers must counteract workers' natural tendencies to avoid work.
Close supervision and control are necessary to keep workers' performance high.
Managers use "the carrot and stick" approach, with rewards and punishments, to control behavior.

Theory X Management Style

Managers design the work setting to maximize control over workers and minimize worker control.
Rules, SOPs, and a reward/punishment system are developed to control behavior.
Managers focus on ensuring workers contribute to the production process and do not threaten product quality.
Henry Ford is an example of a manager who holds Theory X assumptions.

Theory Y Assumptions

Workers are not inherently lazy and do not naturally dislike work.
If given the opportunity, workers will do what is good for the organization.
The work setting determines whether workers consider work to be a source of satisfaction or punishment.
Managers do not need to closely control workers' behavior to make them perform at a high level.

Theory Y Management Style

Managers create a work setting that encourages commitment to organizational goals.
Workers are given opportunities to be imaginative and exercise initiative and self-direction.
Managers decentralize authority and give more control over the job to workers.
The manager's role is to provide support and advice, ensure workers have necessary resources, and evaluate them on their ability to help the organization meet its goals.

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Description

This quiz is about the assumptions of Theory X in management, which views workers as lazy and unmotivated, and the role of managers in controlling their behavior. Understand the principles of Theory X and its implications on management style.