Theory of Steam Turbines

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What is the characteristic of a single cylinder turbine?

It has multiple casings

It uses one shaft (correct)

It uses multiple shafts

It has multiple bearings

Why are multi-cylinder turbines used in large output turbines?

Because the number of stages needed becomes very high (correct)

To reduce the number of stages needed

To increase the blade height

To reduce the shaft size

What type of flow is commonly used in high-pressure cylinders?

Double flow

Reversed flow

Mixed flow

Single flow (correct)

What is the advantage of using double flow turbines?

It reduces the end thrust and gives large area of flow through two sets of bladings Signup and view all the answers

What is the condition for maximum force development when the jet enters and leaves a blade?

When the blade velocity is zero Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the mass flow rate in a double flow turbine compared to a single flow turbine for the same conditions?

It becomes half as high Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the leaving velocity of the jet from the blade when it is allowed to speed up?

It reduces Signup and view all the answers

In which type of flow does the steam enter at the centre and divide into two portions?

Double flow Signup and view all the answers

What is the optimal blade speed for maximum work done?

Half of the steam speed Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the force and work done when the blade speed is equal to the steam speed?

They become zero Signup and view all the answers

What constitutes a stage of a steam turbine?

A row of nozzles and a row of moving blades Signup and view all the answers

What is the classification of a steam turbine based on the principle of operation that uses a combination of impulse and reaction?

Impulse-reaction turbine Signup and view all the answers

Where does the complete expansion of steam from the steam chest pressure to the exhaust pressure or condenser pressure take place?

In one set of nozzles Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical velocity of steam leaving the nozzles?

1100 m/s Signup and view all the answers

What is the assumed velocity of steam in the recess between the nozzles and the blades?

Constant and equal to the steam speed Signup and view all the answers

What is the ideal blade speed for maximum work or good economy?

One half of the steam speed Signup and view all the answers

What type of nozzles are generally used in this type of turbine?

Converging-diverging nozzles Signup and view all the answers

What is the pressure of steam in the blade passages?

Approximately equal to the condenser pressure Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a piston in a reciprocating IC engine?

To transmit the force exerted by the burning of charge to the connecting rod Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical material used for making cylinder heads in automotive engines?

Aluminum alloys Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the compression ring in a piston?

To provide an air-tight seal to prevent leakage of burnt gases Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical pressure range inside the cylinder of a reciprocating IC engine?

Above 50 bar Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the cylinder block in a multi-cylinder engine?

To cast the cylinders in a single block Signup and view all the answers

What is the material used for making gaskets between the engine cylinder and cylinder head?

Copper or asbestos Signup and view all the answers

What material was used to insulate train compartments for transporting ice in the southern states of America?

Cork Signup and view all the answers

Who is credited with starting the ice trade in 1806?

Frederic Tudor Signup and view all the answers

Where was ice harvested from for export to India and other countries?

Hudson River and ponds of Massachusetts Signup and view all the answers