Steam Turbines Basics Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of the stationary nozzles in a steam turbine?

  • To create an increase in steam velocity
  • To change the direction of the steam flow (correct)
  • To absorb the velocity energy of the steam
  • To confine the steam to the blade passage

    • What is the function of the reaction blades in a steam turbine?

  • To transmit a reaction force to the blades
  • To absorb the velocity energy of the steam
  • To create an increase in steam velocity (correct)
  • To change the direction of the steam flow

    • What is the product of mass times velocity?

  • Reaction force
  • Thrust force
  • Momentum (correct)
  • Impulse

    • What is the purpose of sealing glands in a steam turbine?

    <p>To minimize leakage of steam from the wheel case along the shaft</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the top half of the casing in a steam turbine allow for?

    <p>Easy removal without disturbing other parts or piping connections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what part of a large steam turbine are impulse rotors typically located?

    <p>Front end where steam velocity is highest</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of steam turbines?

    <p>To convert heat energy to mechanical energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which direction does the steam flow in most steam turbines?

    <p>Axial direction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two basic types of steam turbines?

    <p>Impulse and reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does high-pressure steam expand in an impulse turbine?

    <p>Through stationary nozzles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the stationary passages in an impulse turbine?

    <p>To allow high-pressure steam to expand and convert some of its thermal energy into mechanical energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does expansion, pressure drop, and velocity increase of the steam take place in a reaction turbine?

    <p>Through both stationary and moving nozzles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the velocity of steam as it moves through the impulse rotors?

    <p>It decreases while the pressure remains constant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the velocity of steam as it moves into the reaction rotors?

    <p>It increases while the pressure reduces in each moving rotor wheel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the condenser in a steam power plant?

    <p>To provide a clean source of boiler feedwater</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the size of the reaction rotors as the steam moves through them?

    <p>They are progressively larger in diameter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the steam as it flows through the turbine to develop mechanical power?

    <p>It is exhausted from the low-pressure turbine to a condenser</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the steam after it is exhausted from the low-pressure turbine to a condenser?

    <p>It is transformed back into water by cooling water in the condenser</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the boiler feed pump in a steam power plant?

    <p>To raise the pressure above the boiler pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the high vacuum produced by the condenser play in a steam power plant?

    <p>Increases pressure drop in the turbine and produces more work and efficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Steam Turbines

    • Stationary nozzles in a steam turbine direct high-pressure steam into the turbine, increasing its velocity.
    • Reaction blades in a steam turbine change the direction of the steam, converting the kinetic energy into mechanical energy.

    Physics of Steam Turbines

    • The product of mass times velocity is momentum.
    • Momentum is a key factor in steam turbines, as it drives the rotation of the turbine.

    Steam Turbine Design

    • Sealing glands in a steam turbine prevent steam from leaking out and improve efficiency.
    • The top half of the casing in a steam turbine allows for easy maintenance and access to the turbine blades.

    Impulse Turbines

    • Impulse rotors are typically located in the high-pressure section of a large steam turbine.
    • In an impulse turbine, high-pressure steam expands through stationary passages, increasing its velocity.

    Turbine Functionality

    • The function of steam turbines is to convert the thermal energy of steam into mechanical energy.

    Steam Flow

    • In most steam turbines, steam flows in an axial direction.
    • There are two basic types of steam turbines: impulse and reaction turbines.

    Turbine Components

    • In an impulse turbine, the stationary passages direct the high-pressure steam into the impulse rotor, increasing its velocity.
    • In a reaction turbine, expansion, pressure drop, and velocity increase occur simultaneously as the steam moves through the rotor.

    Rotor Performance

    • As steam moves through the impulse rotors, its velocity increases.
    • As steam moves into the reaction rotors, its velocity decreases.

    Condenser and Boiler Feed Pump

    • The function of the condenser in a steam power plant is to condense the exhausted steam back into liquid water.
    • The boiler feed pump in a steam power plant pumps water into the boiler to replace the water that was converted to steam.

    Steam Expansion

    • As steam flows through the turbine to develop mechanical power, its pressure and temperature decrease.
    • After being exhausted from the low-pressure turbine, the steam is directed to a condenser, where it condenses back into liquid water.
    • The high vacuum produced by the condenser plays a crucial role in a steam power plant, as it increases the efficiency of the turbine.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge about steam turbines and their basic principles such as converting heat energy to mechanical energy, different types of steam flow, and the distinctions between impulse and reaction turbines.

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