Theories of Personality Development Quiz
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Questions and Answers

According to Freud's psychosexual development theory, which stage occurs from birth to 18 months?

  • Phallic Stage
  • Oral Stage (correct)
  • Anal Stage
  • Genital Stage

Which behavior is associated with unresolved issues from the oral stage?

  • Nail biting (correct)
  • Masturbation
  • Constipation
  • Perfectionism

During which stage does toilet training occur according to Freud's psychosexual development theory?

  • Anal Stage (correct)
  • Oral Stage
  • Genital Stage
  • Phallic Stage

What can happen if a child experiences harsh expectations or punishment during the anal stage?

<p>Increased anxiety (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of Freud's psychosexual development theory occurs from ages 3 to 6?

<p>Phallic Stage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the attraction of boys to their mothers and imitation of their fathers during the phallic stage?

<p>Oedipus Complex (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common behavior associated with unresolved issues from the phallic stage?

<p>Masturbation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Freud's psychosexual development theory, which stage occurs after the phallic stage?

<p>Latency Stage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the attraction of girls to their fathers and imitation of their mothers during the phallic stage?

<p>Electra Complex (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can happen if a child experiences parental disapproval of their preoccupation with the genitals during the phallic stage?

<p>Confusion and shame (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Piaget's Developmental Theory, at what age does a child enter the Formal Operations stage?

<p>11 - adulthood (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of Kohlberg's Theory of Moral Reasoning is characterized by seeking approval for doing good from society?

<p>Good Boy/Nice Girl Orientation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the virtue associated with the stage of despair in Erikson's psychosocial development theory?

<p>Integrity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of Piaget's Developmental Theory is characterized by egocentrism and concrete thought?

<p>Preoperational (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of Kohlberg's Theory of Moral Reasoning is characterized by obeying rules and laws to do what is right?

<p>Law and Order Orientation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what age does a child enter the Concrete Operations stage of Piaget's Developmental Theory?

<p>7 - 11 years (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of Piaget's Developmental Theory is characterized by learning through senses and cause & effect?

<p>Sensorimotor (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of Kohlberg's Theory of Moral Reasoning is characterized by individual rights determining behavior?

<p>Social Contract Orientation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the virtue associated with the stage of wisdom in Erikson's psychosocial development theory?

<p>Wisdom (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of Piaget's Developmental Theory is characterized by looking at objects in terms of their use and not in general terms?

<p>Preoperational (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development, which stage occurs during early childhood?

<p>Initiative vs. guilt (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Freud's Stages of Psychosexual Development, which stage occurs during ages 6 to about 12?

<p>Latency stage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development, which stage occurs during adolescence?

<p>Identity vs. role confusion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Freud's Stages of Psychosexual Development, which stage begins with the onset of puberty?

<p>Genital stage (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development, which stage occurs during infancy to 18 months?

<p>Trust vs. mistrust (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development, which stage occurs during young adulthood?

<p>Intimacy vs. isolation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Freud's Stages of Psychosexual Development, which stage involves the child struggling for independence yet needing parental supervision?

<p>Genital stage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development, which stage occurs during age 40 to mid 60's?

<p>Generativity vs. stagnation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development, which stage occurs during 18 months to 3 years old?

<p>Autonomy vs. shame and doubt (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development, which stage occurs during school age (6-12)?

<p>Industry vs. inferiority (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which theorist is associated with the Human Needs Theory?

<p>Abraham Maslow (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of Freud's psychosexual development theory occurs from birth to 18 months?

<p>Oral Stage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common behavior associated with unresolved issues from the anal stage?

<p>Constipation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the attraction of boys to their mothers and imitation of their fathers during the phallic stage?

<p>Oedipus complex (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development, which stage occurs during adolescence?

<p>Identity vs. Role Confusion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of Piaget's Developmental Theory is characterized by egocentrism and concrete thought?

<p>Concrete Operations Stage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which stage does toilet training occur according to Freud's psychosexual development theory?

<p>Anal Stage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can happen if a child experiences parental disapproval of their preoccupation with the genitals during the phallic stage?

<p>Feelings of confusion and shame (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Freud's Stages of Psychosexual Development, which stage occurs after the phallic stage?

<p>Latency Stage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of Kohlberg's Theory of Moral Reasoning is characterized by obeying rules and laws to do what is right?

<p>Conventional Morality (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Freud's Stages of Psychosexual Development, which stage is characterized by the child's sexual urges being dormant and their focus mainly on intellectual pursuits?

<p>Latency (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development, which stage occurs during adolescence?

<p>Identity vs. role confusion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development, which stage occurs during early childhood (3-5 years old)?

<p>Initiative vs. guilt (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Freud's Stages of Psychosexual Development, which stage begins with the onset of puberty?

<p>Genital (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development, which stage occurs during young adulthood (18-40 years old)?

<p>Intimacy vs. isolation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Freud's Stages of Psychosexual Development, which stage involves the child struggling for independence yet needing parental supervision?

<p>Anal (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development, which stage occurs during school age (6-12 years old)?

<p>Industry vs. inferiority (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Freud's Stages of Psychosexual Development, which stage involves the child's attraction to their opposite-sex parent and identification with their same-sex parent?

<p>Phallic (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development, which stage occurs during infancy to 18 months?

<p>Trust vs. mistrust (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development, which stage occurs from age 40 to mid-60s?

<p>Generativity vs. stagnation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Piaget's Developmental Theory, at what age does a child enter the Formal Operations stage?

<p>11 to adulthood (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Piaget's Developmental Theory, which stage is characterized by object permanence and learning through senses and cause & effect?

<p>Birth to 2 years (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Piaget's Developmental Theory, which stage is characterized by egocentrism and concrete thought?

<p>2 to 7 years (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Piaget's Developmental Theory, which stage is characterized by an increase in cognition, logical thought, and understanding of conservation?

<p>7 to 11 years (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Kohlberg's Theory of Moral Reasoning, which stage is characterized by morality being externally controlled and the child doing what is right to avoid punishment?

<p>Preconventional (4-10 yrs) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Kohlberg's Theory of Moral Reasoning, which stage is characterized by obeying rules and laws to do what is right and living up to what is expected of us?

<p>Conventional (10-13 yrs and into adulthood) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Kohlberg's Theory of Moral Reasoning, which stage is characterized by individual rights determining behavior and the recognition of flexible laws and rules with exceptions?

<p>Postconventional (adolescence on) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Kohlberg's Theory of Moral Reasoning, which stage is characterized by the development of adult logic, reasoning things out, and forming conclusions?

<p>Universal Ethical Principle Orientation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development, which stage occurs during early childhood?

<p>Initiative vs. Guilt (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development, which stage occurs during adolescence?

<p>Identity vs. Role Confusion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Oral Stage

The first stage of Freud's psychosexual development theory, occurring from birth to 18 months, where the mouth is the primary source of pleasure.

Nail biting

A behavior associated with unresolved issues from the oral stage, often manifesting as nail biting, chewing on objects, or smoking.

Anal Stage

The second stage of Freud's psychosexual development theory, from 18 months to 3 years, where the focus shifts to the anus and toilet training.

Increased anxiety

Can occur due to harsh discipline during the anal stage, leading to increased anxiety, obsessiveness, and a need for order and control.

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Phallic Stage

Freud's third stage of psychosexual development, occurring from ages 3 to 6, where the focus shifts to the genitals and the child develops a sexual interest.

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Oedipus Complex

A concept in the phallic stage where boys develop a sexual attraction to their mothers and a competitive rivalry with their fathers.

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Masturbation

A common behavior associated with unresolved issues from the phallic stage, often manifesting as excessive masturbation or sexual preoccupation.

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Latency Stage

Freud's fourth stage of psychosexual development, lasting from ages 6 to puberty, where sexual urges are repressed and the child focuses on social development and peer relationships.

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Electra Complex

A concept in the phallic stage where girls develop a sexual attraction to their fathers and a competitive rivalry with their mothers.

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Confusion and shame

Can result from parental disapproval or judgment regarding the child's interest in their genitals during the phallic stage.

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Formal Operations Stage

The final stage of Piaget's theory of cognitive development, occurring from age 11 to adulthood, where individuals develop the capacity for abstract thought, hypothetical reasoning, and logical problem-solving.

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Good Boy/Nice Girl Orientation

A stage in Kohlberg's theory of moral reasoning, where individuals make moral decisions based on seeking approval from society, wanting to be perceived as a 'good' person.

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Integrity

The virtue associated with Erikson's stage of ego integrity vs. despair, which involves accepting one's life as it has been lived and finding meaning in it.

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Preoperational Stage

The second stage of Piaget's theory of cognitive development, occurring from ages 2 to 7, where children begin to think symbolically and use language, but lack logical reasoning and are egocentric.

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Law and Order Orientation

A stage in Kohlberg's theory of moral reasoning, where individuals make moral decisions based on following rules and upholding laws, believing they are right because they are the rules.

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Concrete Operations Stage

The third stage of Piaget's theory of cognitive development, occurring from ages 7 to 11, where children develop logical thinking skills, can reason with concrete objects, and understand conservation.

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Sensorimotor Stage

The first stage of Piaget's theory of cognitive development, occurring from birth to 2 years, where infants learn through sensory experiences and motor actions, developing object permanence.

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Social Contract Orientation

A stage in Kohlberg's theory of moral reasoning, where individuals make moral decisions based on recognizing individual rights and social contracts, understanding that rules can be changed if they are unjust.

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Wisdom

The virtue associated with Erikson's stage of ego integrity vs. despair, reflecting wisdom gained through a lifetime of experiences and understanding.

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Preoperational Stage

The second stage of Piaget's theory of cognitive development, occurring from ages 2 to 7, characterized by a lack of understanding of the world from different perspectives. Children view objects in terms of their function, not general terms.

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Initiative vs. Guilt

Erikson's third stage of psychosocial development, occurring during early childhood (3-5 years old), where children begin to assert their independence and take initiative in activities, but can also develop guilt if they are criticized or restrained.

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Genital Stage

Freud's fifth stage of psychosexual development, which begins with the onset of puberty and lasts throughout adulthood, where individuals develop mature sexual interests and relationships.

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Identity vs. Role Confusion

Erikson's fifth stage of psychosocial development, occurring during adolescence (12-18 years old), where individuals struggle to form a sense of self and identity, exploring different roles and values, and confronting the question 'Who am I?'

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Phallic Stage

Freud's third stage of psychosexual development, occurring from ages 3 to 6, where the child's focus is on their genitals and they develop a sense of sexual identity.

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Anal Stage

The second stage of Freud's psychosexual development theory, occurring from 18 months to 3 years, where the child's focus is on the anus and they develop a sense of control over their bodily functions.

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Confusion and shame

Can occur when a child is discouraged or criticized for their preoccupation with their genitals during the phallic stage, leading to feelings of inferiority or shame.

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Latency Stage

Freud's fourth stage of psychosexual development, occurring from ages 6 to puberty, where sexual desires are suppressed and the child focuses on social and intellectual development.

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Conventional Morality

A stage in Kohlberg's theory of moral reasoning, where individuals make moral decisions based on following rules and upholding laws, believing that they are the right thing to do because they are the rules.

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Identity vs. Role Confusion

Erikson's fifth stage of psychosocial development, occurring during adolescence (12-18 years old), where individuals grapple with forming a sense of self and identity, exploring different roles and values.

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Initiative vs. Guilt

Erikson's third stage of psychosocial development, occurring during early childhood (3-5 years old), where children begin taking initiative in activities and asserting their independence.

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Genital Stage

Freud's fifth stage of psychosexual development, occurring from puberty to adulthood, where individuals develop mature sexual interests and relationships.

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Intimacy vs. Isolation

Erikson's sixth stage of psychosocial development, occurring during young adulthood (18-40 years old), where individuals focus on forming intimate relationships and finding a sense of belonging.

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Anal Stage

The second stage of Freud's psychosexual development theory, occurring from 18 months to 3 years, where the child's focus is on the anus and they develop a sense of control over their bodily functions.

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Industry vs. Inferiority

Erikson's fourth stage of psychosocial development, occurring during school age (6-12 years old), where children focus on developing competence and mastery in their skills and abilities.

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Phallic Stage

Freud's third stage of psychosexual development, occurring from ages 3 to 6, where the child's focus is on their genitals and they develop a sense of sexual identity, involving attraction to the opposite-sex parent and identification with the same-sex parent.

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Trust vs. Mistrust

Erikson's first stage of psychosocial development, occurring during infancy to 18 months, where infants develop a sense of trust or mistrust in the world based on their interactions with their caregivers.

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Generativity vs. Stagnation

Erikson's seventh stage of psychosocial development, occurring from age 40 to mid-60s, where individuals focus on contributing to society and leaving a lasting legacy.

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Study Notes

Theories and Stages of Personality Development

  • Abraham Maslow developed the Human Needs Theory.
  • Sigmund Freud developed the Psychosexual/Psychoanalytical Theory.
  • Erik Erikson developed the Psychosocial Theory.
  • Jean Piaget developed the Cognitive Theory.
  • Lawrence Kohlberg developed the Moral Development Theory.
  • Freud's stages of psychosexual development include the oral stage (birth to 18 months), anal stage (18 months to third year), phallic stage (ages 3 to 6), latency stage (ages 6 to about 12), and genital stage (begins with puberty).
  • Each stage of Freud's psychosexual development is associated with specific behaviors and unresolved behaviors can lead to issues in adulthood.
  • Erikson's psychosocial stages of development include trust vs. mistrust (infant to 18 months), autonomy vs. shame and doubt (18 months to 3 years), initiative vs. guilt (early childhood), industry vs. inferiority (school age 6-12), identity vs. role confusion (adolescents 12-18), intimacy vs. isolation (young adult 18-40), generativity vs. stagnation (age 40 to mid 60's), and ego integrity vs. despair (mid 60's to death).
  • Each stage of Erikson's psychosocial development involves a developmental crisis and successful completion leads to the ability to move on to the next stage.
  • Piaget's developmental theory includes the sensorimotor stage (birth to 2 years), preoperational stage (2-7 years), concrete operations stage (7-11 years), and formal operations stage (11-adulthood).
  • Each stage of Piaget's developmental theory is associated with different cognitive abilities and developmental milestones.
  • Kohlberg's theory of moral reasoning includes the preconventional stage (4-10 years), conventional stage (10-13 years and into adulthood), and postconventional stage (adolescence on).
  • Each stage of Kohlberg's theory involves different levels of moral reasoning and understanding of societal rules and laws.

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Test your knowledge on theories and stages of personality development, including Abraham Maslow's Human Needs Theory, Sigmund Freud's Psychosexual/Psychoanalytical Theory, Erik Erikson's Psychosocial Theory, Jean Piaget's Cognitive theory, and Lawrence Kohlberg's Moral Development Theory. This quiz also covers Freud's Stages of Psychosexual Development, starting with the Oral Stage that occurs from birth to 18 months, where the mouth is the source of comfort and pleasure.

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