Theories of Motivation Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is a conditioned stimulus (CS)?

A response that occurs naturally without training

An unlearned reaction to a familiar stimulus

A reflexive response to a stimulus

A neutral stimulus paired with an unconditioned stimulus (correct)

What is the term for the reemergence of an extinguished conditioned response after a period of rest?

Stimulus generalization

Spontaneous recovery (correct)

Extinction

Conditioning

Which process occurs when a conditioned response is elicited by stimuli similar to the original conditioned stimulus?

Operant conditioning

Stimulus generalization (correct)

Conditioning

Stimulus discrimination

What defines an unconditioned response?

A response that occurs naturally without any training Signup and view all the answers

What happens during extinction in classical conditioning?

The conditioned response decreases and may disappear Signup and view all the answers

How is operant conditioning defined?

A method of learning through reinforcement and punishment Signup and view all the answers

What is stimulus discrimination?

The ability to respond to a specific stimulus only Signup and view all the answers

What term is used for the response that occurs after a conditioned stimulus has been learned?

Conditioned response Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of long-term memory?

To hold information indefinitely Signup and view all the answers

Which type of memory includes knowledge of facts and information?

Declarative memory Signup and view all the answers

What does semantic memory primarily involve?

General knowledge and facts Signup and view all the answers

What is one reason for forgetting information, according to the content?

Decay of memory traces Signup and view all the answers

What is proactive interference?

Old memories disrupting new memories Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes procedural memory?

Memory for skills and habits Signup and view all the answers

What does interference in memory refer to?

Disruption of recall due to other information Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of long-term memory?

It can last from minutes to a lifetime. Signup and view all the answers

What is retroactive interference?

Difficulty in recalling earlier information because of new learning Signup and view all the answers

What does the IQ formula IQ = MA/CA x 100 represent?

The ratio of mental age to chronological age multiplied by 100 Signup and view all the answers

What score is considered average IQ for children?

100 Signup and view all the answers

Which test was revised by Lewis Terman?

Stanford-Binet Test Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate percentage of children who have an IQ score between 70 and 130?

95% Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the focuses of the Stanford-Binet IQ Test?

Computational skills measurement Signup and view all the answers

Which cognitive ability did Binet assume increases with age?

Language understanding Signup and view all the answers

What are children with a mental age equal to their chronological age considered?

Regular intelligence Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of punishment in behavior modification?

To decrease probability of a previous behavior Signup and view all the answers

Which type of punishment involves the application of an unpleasant event?

Positive punishment Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of negative punishment?

A girl loses her mobile phone privileges for the day Signup and view all the answers

How long does iconic memory typically last?

Less than a second Signup and view all the answers

What best characterizes short-term memory (STM)?

Limited capacity and limited time Signup and view all the answers

What happens to sensory memory after exposure to a stimulus?

It fades quickly but has high precision Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is associated with echoic memory?

Auditory information Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature of short-term memory?

It has a duration of about 15 to 30 seconds Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main divisions of the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)?

Somatic and Autonomic Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the Autonomic Nervous System is responsible for the 'fight-or-flight' response?

Sympathetic Division Signup and view all the answers

Which system connects the Central Nervous System (CNS) to the rest of the body?

Peripheral Nervous System Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Parasympathetic Division?

Calm the body Signup and view all the answers

What is an Unconditioned Response (UCR)?

A response that requires no prior training Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the Sympathetic Division's effects?

Prepares the body for action Signup and view all the answers

What is a neutral stimulus in classical conditioning?

A stimulus that does not elicit any response before conditioning Signup and view all the answers

What connects sensory receptors to the Central Nervous System?

Somatic Nervous System Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes