Theories of Language and the Self Quiz

<p>Being relevant</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Say something you believe to be false</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Maxims provide general guidelines, rules are specific.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Giving and receiving information and asserting independence</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Information vs feelings</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In terms of encouraging desired behavior and discouraging unwanted traits</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Negotiating strategies and building relationships</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It restricts speakers' abilities to reason and understand.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>John Locke</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Conversation face</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Languages differ in the types of information they require speakers to mention.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is a blank slate on which experiences develop</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The lack of interest in their voices</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Innatism</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Erving Goffman's theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Color perception in different societies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Women themselves</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Newspeak</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They shape and determine thoughts</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gender roles are leading to greater equality in language use</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To compliment the listener before making a request</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To accommodate and appear similar to others.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>'Language determines the way we think'</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>But</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gender differences in conversational style.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>'It requires very little reason to be able to speak'</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Language only reflects the thoughts of its speakers</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>'How to put meaning on words and phrases' is essential for language learning</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>'The structure of a language does affect the speaker’s world'</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is solely influenced by genetic abilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>John Watson's theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>'The culture and society influence the way we think, thus shaping how we speak'</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It underemphasized the importance of language differences in concepts of time, space, and lifestyle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>'Lifestyle, traditions, and innovations of a society'</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Considering the relative status of participants aids conversational success</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Make your contribution to the conversation as informative as necessary. Do not make your contribution more informative than necessary.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The maxim of Relation emphasizes being relevant in conversation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Do not say what you believe to be false. Do not say that for which you lack adequate evidence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>People wish to express relevant information in a clear manner.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Maxims are guidelines that are often broken, while rules are strictly followed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Paul Grice established the guideline principles for conversation known as maxims.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Giving and receiving of information</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It should be practiced from the point of view of women.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Due to their lack of power.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Women's lives may be as different from each other as the gender differences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Less expected difference between men and women.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are silenced.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Conversation face refers to each speaker's sense of their own linguistic image and worth.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Speakers may be complimentary to the person they are speaking to before starting a potentially face-threatening act.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Negative politeness is used to mitigate requests or situations by the speaker, potentially restricting the freedom of someone else in the conversation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Using 'yes but' helps qualify or change what has just been said in some way, which can be more successful in managing differences of opinion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In all manner of formal and informal situations, conversational success is more likely when strategies that consider the relative status of each participant are employed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Descartes believed that 'it requires very little reason to be able to speak.'</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They realized that learning a language involved not just naming objects but also putting meaning on words and phrases learned.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The theory suggested that the acquisition of the sense of self occurs alongside the acquisition of language.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Linguists agree that the culture of a society shapes the way we think, which in turn influences the way we talk.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The main concept is that the culture of a society shapes the way we think, influencing our language use.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Linguistic determinism states that language determines the way we think, while linguistic reflection suggests that language influences people's views of the world but does not determine it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf were the proponents. They argued that the words and grammar of a language directly shape the thoughts of its speakers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Linguistic relativity states that the structure of a language affects the speaker's world.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The theory of Innatism posits that there is something special about the human brain that enables mastery of language, in contrast to the 'blank slate' theory.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Locke's Empiricism argued that self-identity and language knowledge come through senses and experiences, rather than through reasoning or logical argument.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Noam Chomsky is the leading proponent. Nativism suggests that individuals are born with genetic abilities that include language development.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>According to Behaviourism theories, thoughts and emotions are explained in terms of encouraging desired behavior and discouraging unwanted traits.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Plato and Descartes believed that ideas were in the mind at birth and given by a supreme being, supporting the concept of Innatism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis suggested that the words and grammar of a language directly shape the thoughts of its speakers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Empiricism asserts that language knowledge comes through senses and experiences, while Innatism argues that the mind is born with innate abilities for language mastery.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Boas-Jakobson principle</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Universalism</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To appear similar to those they spend time with</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Genderlect Theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1984</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Guy Deutcher</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Communication Accommodation Theory (CAT)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In the types of information they require speakers to mention</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gender differences</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Universalism</p> Signup and view all the answers