14 Questions
According to Sheldon's constitutional theory, which body type is more likely to become involved with crime?
Mesomorphs (muscular)
According to Jacobs and her colleagues' chromosomal theory, what is linked to criminal behavior?
Chromosomal irregularity
Which theory proposes that crime is largely a product of an individual's body build?
Sheldon's constitutional theory
According to Sheldon, which body type is associated with introverted behavior?
Ectomorphs (thin)
According to Sheldon's studies, which body type is more likely to become involved with crime due to their aggressive nature?
Mesomorphs (muscular)
According to Jacobs and her colleagues, what is the proposed effect of possessing two Y chromosomes in men?
Increased aggression
Which theory proposes a link between chromosomal irregularity and criminal behavior?
Jacobs and her colleagues' chromosomal theory
According to Mark and Ervin's dyscontrol theory, lesions in the temporal lobe and limbic system can lead to a 'dyscontrol syndrome' characterized by outbursts of sudden physical violence, impulsive sexual behavior, and serious traffic violations.
Merton's strain theory proposes that crime is largely a product of the strain felt by certain individuals in society who have limited access to legitimate means for achieving valued goals of success.
Merton's strain theory proposes that crime is largely a product of the strain felt by certain individuals in society who have limited access to legitimate means for achieving valued goals of success.
Mark and Ervin's dyscontrol theory proposes that lesions in the temporal lobe and limbic system can lead to a 'dyscontrol syndrome' characterized by outbursts of sudden physical violence, impulsive sexual behavior, and serious traffic violations.
Sutherland's differential association theory proposes that criminal behavior is learned through social interactions in which people are exposed to values that are favorable to violations of the law.
Mark and Ervin's dyscontrol theory proposes that lesions in the temporal lobe and limbic system can lead to a 'dyscontrol syndrome' characterized by outbursts of sudden physical violence, impulsive sexual behavior, and serious traffic violations.
Becker's labeling theory proposes that deviance is not inherent to an act, but a label attached to an act by society.
Mark and Ervin's dyscontrol theory proposes that lesions in the temporal lobe and limbic system can lead to a 'dyscontrol syndrome' characterized by outbursts of sudden physical violence, impulsive sexual behavior, and serious traffic violations.
Bowlby's theory of maternal deprivation argues that the early separation of a child from his mother prevents effective social development from taking place.
Mark and Ervin's dyscontrol theory proposes that lesions in the temporal lobe and limbic system can lead to a 'dyscontrol syndrome' characterized by outbursts of sudden physical violence, impulsive sexual behavior, and serious traffic violations.
Eysenck's biosocial theory of crime argues that some individuals are born with cortical and autonomic nervous systems that influence their ability to learn from the consequences of their behavior, especially negative consequences experienced in childhood.
Gottfredson and Hirschi's general theory of crime argues that low self-control, internalized early in life, in the presence of criminal opportunities explains an individual's propensity to commit crimes.
Gottfredson and Hirschi's general theory of crime argues that low self-control, internalized early in life, in the presence of criminal opportunities explains an individual's propensity to commit crimes.
Eysenck's biosocial theory of crime argues that some individuals are born with cortical and autonomic nervous systems that influence their ability to learn from the consequences of their behavior, especially negative consequences experienced in childhood.
Study Notes
Constitutional Theory
- According to Sheldon, individuals with a mesomorphic body type (muscular and athletic build) are more likely to become involved in crime due to their aggressive nature.
- Mesomorphs are associated with extroverted behavior.
- Ectomorphs (thin and fragile build) are associated with introverted behavior.
Chromosomal Theory
- Jacobs and her colleagues propose that possessing two Y chromosomes in men is linked to criminal behavior.
- This theory proposes a link between chromosomal irregularity and criminal behavior.
Dyscontrol Theory
- Mark and Ervin's dyscontrol theory suggests that lesions in the temporal lobe and limbic system can lead to a 'dyscontrol syndrome' characterized by:
- Outbursts of sudden physical violence
- Impulsive sexual behavior
- Serious traffic violations
Strain Theory
- Merton's strain theory proposes that crime is largely a product of the strain felt by certain individuals in society who have limited access to legitimate means for achieving valued goals of success.
Differential Association Theory
- Sutherland's differential association theory proposes that criminal behavior is learned through social interactions in which people are exposed to values that are favorable to violations of the law.
Labeling Theory
- Becker's labeling theory proposes that deviance is not inherent to an act, but a label attached to an act by society.
Maternal Deprivation Theory
- Bowlby's theory of maternal deprivation argues that the early separation of a child from his mother prevents effective social development from taking place.
Biosocial Theory
- Eysenck's biosocial theory of crime argues that some individuals are born with cortical and autonomic nervous systems that influence their ability to learn from the consequences of their behavior, especially negative consequences experienced in childhood.
General Theory of Crime
- Gottfredson and Hirschi's general theory of crime argues that low self-control, internalized early in life, in the presence of criminal opportunities explains an individual's propensity to commit crimes.
Test your knowledge on the biological, sociological, and psychological theories of crime in this quiz. Explore the history and development of these theories and see how much you know about their impact on forensic psychology.
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