Podcast
Questions and Answers
The father of classical criminology is generally considered to be:
The father of classical criminology is generally considered to be:
- Adolphe Quetelet
- Jeremy Bentham
- Cesare Beccaria (correct)
- Cesare Lombroso
______ specifically refers to the weighing of anticipated benefits of a given course of action against its possible costs.
______ specifically refers to the weighing of anticipated benefits of a given course of action against its possible costs.
- Hedonistic calculus (correct)
- Human agency
- Rationality
- Positivism
Which of the following theoretical perspectives is based on the premise that human behavior is primarily hedonistic in nature?
Which of the following theoretical perspectives is based on the premise that human behavior is primarily hedonistic in nature?
- Ecological determinism
- Classicism (correct)
- The Italian school
- Positivism
Rather than exploring why individuals commit crime, ______ criminologists are interested in where and when criminal behavior is most prevalent.
Rather than exploring why individuals commit crime, ______ criminologists are interested in where and when criminal behavior is most prevalent.
______ is a concept in rational choice theory referring to how people decide to offend.
______ is a concept in rational choice theory referring to how people decide to offend.
Rational choice theory is most closely linked to the ______ school.
Rational choice theory is most closely linked to the ______ school.
______ deterrence refers to the effect of punishment on the future behavior of the person who experiences the punishment.
______ deterrence refers to the effect of punishment on the future behavior of the person who experiences the punishment.
Determinism means that all events have causes that preceded them.
Determinism means that all events have causes that preceded them.
Crime rates in Great Britain ______ when the levels of punishment decreased.
Crime rates in Great Britain ______ when the levels of punishment decreased.
Which of the following is the distinction between the circumstances of punishment and the usual life experience of the person being punished?
Which of the following is the distinction between the circumstances of punishment and the usual life experience of the person being punished?
What is the Classical School in criminology?
What is the Classical School in criminology?
What does the Principle of Utility propose?
What does the Principle of Utility propose?
What is Hedonism?
What is Hedonism?
What does it mean to be Rational?
What does it mean to be Rational?
What is Hedonistic Calculus?
What is Hedonistic Calculus?
What is Free Will?
What is Free Will?
What does Determinism imply?
What does Determinism imply?
What is Positivism?
What is Positivism?
What is Cartographic Criminology?
What is Cartographic Criminology?
What is Atavism?
What is Atavism?
What is the definition of an Insane Criminal?
What is the definition of an Insane Criminal?
What is a Criminaloid?
What is a Criminaloid?
What are Impulsive Criminals?
What are Impulsive Criminals?
What is the theory of Social Defense?
What is the theory of Social Defense?
What is Deterrence in criminology?
What is Deterrence in criminology?
What is Recidivism?
What is Recidivism?
What is the Contrast Effect?
What is the Contrast Effect?
Study Notes
Classical and Rational Choice Theories
- Cesare Beccaria is acknowledged as the father of classical criminology.
- Hedonistic calculus combines hedonism and rationality to evaluate the anticipated benefits versus costs of actions.
- Classicism posits that human behavior is fundamentally hedonistic in nature.
- Rational choice theory is closely associated with the classical school and emphasizes logical decision-making in committing crimes.
- Choice structuring refers to how individuals consciously decide to engage in criminal behavior.
Deterrence and Freedom
- Specific deterrence focuses on preventing future criminal behavior of the punished individual.
- Determinism signifies that all events, including criminal actions, have preceding causes.
- The Principle of Utility suggests moral judgments should be based on the impact of actions on community happiness.
Criminological Perspectives
- Cartographic criminologists analyze the geographical patterns of crime occurrence rather than individual motivations.
- Positivism extends the scientific method to gather more objective knowledge about social phenomena.
Types of Criminals
- Atavism refers to individuals considered 'born criminals' due to physical traits associated with criminality.
- Insane criminals exhibit significant physical attributes but are not classified as born criminals.
- Criminaloids lack distinct physical characteristics but are less threatening than atavists.
- Impulsive criminals are often associated with alcoholism or insanity and may be imprisoned as a result.
Social Implications of Crime
- Social defense theory emphasizes that the primary aim of punishment is to protect society from criminal elements, rather than to rehabilitate offenders.
- Deterrence aims to diminish an individual's willingness to commit crimes through the fear of punishment.
- Recidivism refers to the tendency of a convicted criminal to reoffend.
Additional Concepts
- The contrast effect explains how the impact of punishment varies based on an individual's life experiences.
- Free will allows individuals to make deliberate choices regarding their actions.
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Description
Explore the fundamental theories of classical and rational choice criminology. This quiz covers key concepts such as hedonistic calculus, deterrence, and the geographical analysis of crime. Test your knowledge on how these theories explain human behavior and crime prevention.
