30 Questions
According to the text, which theories of crime stress genetic influences, neuropsychological abnormalities, and biochemical irregularities?
Biological theories of crime
Which theories of crime incorporate a combination of environmental and biological factors?
Social-psychological theories
According to the text, which theories of crime propose that crime is the result of an ego and superego that are too weak to control the sexual and aggressive instincts of the id?
Psychological theories of crime
According to the text, which theories of crime focus on patterns of thinking, particularly with respect to recognized risk factors such as pro-criminal attitudes or certain kinds of personality disorders?
Psychological theories of crime
According to the text, which theories bridge the gap between the environmentalism of sociology and the individualism of psychological or biological theories?
Social-psychological theories
Which one of these theories of crime has little empirical evidence that independently predicts criminal behavior?
Sociological theories of crime
According to the text, which theories of crime propose that crime results from personality attributes that are uniquely possessed, or possessed to a special degree, by the potential criminal?
Psychological theories of crime
According to the text, which theories of crime emphasize genetic influences?
Biological theories of crime
According to the text, which theories of crime incorporate a combination of environmental and biological factors to understand the causes of offending behaviors?
Social-psychological theories
According to the text, which theories of crime propose that crime is the result of an ego and superego that are too weak to control the sexual and aggressive instincts of the id?
Psychological theories of crime
According to structural theories of crime, crime is the result of:
Inadequate schooling
According to subcultural theories of crime, crime originates when:
People endorse cultural values that clash with the dominant rules of society
What is anomie theory?
A feeling of normlessness
According to the theory of differential opportunity, crime is an illicit means to gain an understandable end because:
People in lower socioeconomic subcultures are denied legitimate opportunities
What is one limitation of the theory of differential opportunity?
Seriously delinquent youth display many differences from their law-abiding counterparts
What is one implication of anomie theory?
Unlimited aspirations pressure individuals to deviate from social norms
What is one example of a structural explanation of crime?
Differential opportunity
What is one factor that can lead to intense frustration and crime according to the text?
Blocked legal means of goal achievement
What is one reason why poor people may find it more difficult to obtain an advanced education?
Limited access to resources
What is one outgrowth of the sequence described in the text?
Youthful crime, especially in gangs
According to the text, what are the major terms in the theory of blocked opportunities?
Aspiration, frustration, and opportunity
According to the text, crimes are often committed by people who have never been denied opportunities. What is an example of such a crime?
Shoplifting at a high-end department store
According to the text, what does the subcultural version of sociological theory maintain?
A conflict of norms held by different groups causes criminal behavior
According to the text, what replaces the young person's parents as the main source of norms for many youths?
A gang
According to the text, what are the six basic values listed by Walter Miller's theory of focal concerns?
Trouble, toughness, smartness, excitement, fate, and autonomy
According to the text, why do lower-class boys pick fights?
To show their toughness
According to the text, what does the theory of focal concerns not explain?
Crime by individuals who are not socially disadvantaged
According to the text, what do subcultural explanations of crime lack?
A strong theoretical or empirical basis
According to the text, what is the most troublesome concept in subcultural explanations of crime?
Subculture
According to the text, what questions remain about cultural standards in subcultural explanations of crime?
How do cultural standards originate, how are they transmitted, and how do they control behavior?
Test your knowledge on biological, sociological, psychological, and social-psychological theories of crime. Explore the influences of genetics, neuropsychology, and biochemistry on criminal behavior. Discover the empirical evidence supporting these theories and gain a deeper understanding of the complex factors contributing to criminality.
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