The Windlass Effect and Pes Planus - N

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Questions and Answers

What is the windlass effect of the plantar fascia?

  • The contraction of intrinsic muscles lifts the calcaneus.
  • The increased tension raises and strengthens the arch. (correct)
  • The forefoot sags under body weight on tiptoes.
  • The arch remains flattened and midfoot/forefoot unstable

What is the windlass analogous to?

  • The calcaneus
  • The metatarsophalangeal joint (correct)
  • The intrinsic muscles
  • The extrinsic muscles

What happens when extrinsic muscles contract?

  • The forefoot sags under body weight on tiptoes.
  • The arch remains flattened and midfoot/forefoot unstable
  • The calcaneus is lifted, transferring weight forward (correct)
  • The metatarsophalangeal joints are extended and the plantar fascia is stretched

What is the role of intrinsic muscles in the windlass effect?

<p>They provide additional reinforcement. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is pes planus?

<p>A poorly supported medial longitudinal arch. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the forefoot on tiptoes in someone with pes planus?

<p>It sags under body weight. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What limits the windlass effect in someone with pes planus?

<p>Reduced extension of metatarsophalangeal joints. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the arch remaining flattened in pes planus?

<p>Decreased stability of the midfoot and forefoot. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the windlass effect of the plantar fascia responsible for?

<p>Supporting the medial longitudinal arch. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of extrinsic muscles in the windlass effect?

<p>They lift the calcaneus. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of reduced extension of metatarsophalangeal joints?

<p>Decreased stability of the midfoot and forefoot. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the windlass effect?

<p>The extension of the metatarsophalangeal joints and stretching of the plantar fascia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

  • The windlass effect of the plantar fascia is demonstrated on tiptoes.
  • The windlass is analogous to the metatarsophalangeal joint.
  • Contraction of extrinsic muscles lifts the calcaneus, transferring weight forward.
  • This extends the metatarsophalangeal joints and stretches the plantar fascia.
  • The increased tension raises and strengthens the arch.
  • Contraction of intrinsic muscles provides additional reinforcement.
  • Pes planus (flat foot) has a poorly supported medial longitudinal arch.
  • Forefoot sags under body weight on tiptoes.
  • Reduced extension of metatarsophalangeal joints limits the windlass effect.
  • Arch remains flattened and midfoot/forefoot unstable.

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