Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following actions was NOT taken against John Wycliffe after he was declared a heretic?
Which of the following actions was NOT taken against John Wycliffe after he was declared a heretic?
- His works were burned.
- He was stripped of his position at the University of Prague. (correct)
- He was denounced at the Council of Constance.
- His remains were removed from sacred ground.
What was the primary source of inspiration for Jan Huss's reformist ideas?
What was the primary source of inspiration for Jan Huss's reformist ideas?
- The teachings of Savonarola.
- The writings of Martin Luther.
- The political climate in Italy.
- The works of John Wycliffe. (correct)
What was the main reason for Savonarola being sentenced to death as a heretic?
What was the main reason for Savonarola being sentenced to death as a heretic?
- His opposition to the German Emperor.
- His inspiration from the teachings of John Wycliffe.
- His involvement in the Hussite Wars.
- His criticism of the Church's wealth and corruption. (correct)
Which of the following best characterizes the Council of Constance's role in the events described?
Which of the following best characterizes the Council of Constance's role in the events described?
What was the key difference between 'The Lollards' and the followers of Jan Huss?
What was the key difference between 'The Lollards' and the followers of Jan Huss?
What was a key factor contributing to the Western Schism?
What was a key factor contributing to the Western Schism?
Which council attempted to resolve the Western Schism by deposing both existing popes?
Which council attempted to resolve the Western Schism by deposing both existing popes?
How was the Western Schism finally resolved?
How was the Western Schism finally resolved?
What was one of the consequences of the Western Schism for the Church?
What was one of the consequences of the Western Schism for the Church?
Who was the first pope elected by the cardinals after the Avignon papacy, to reside in Rome after the Western Schism started?
Who was the first pope elected by the cardinals after the Avignon papacy, to reside in Rome after the Western Schism started?
What major criticism did John Wycliffe express regarding the Church?
What major criticism did John Wycliffe express regarding the Church?
Before the Council of Constance, how many popes were there at certain points in time during the Western Schism?
Before the Council of Constance, how many popes were there at certain points in time during the Western Schism?
Who was the new and only recognized pope when the Western Schism was resolved at the Council of Constance?
Who was the new and only recognized pope when the Western Schism was resolved at the Council of Constance?
Flashcards
John Wycliffe
John Wycliffe
An English theologian who criticized papal authority and was declared a heretic.
Hussitism
Hussitism
A reform movement inspired by John Wycliffe, led by Jan Huss in Bohemia.
Council of Constance
Council of Constance
A church council that condemned Wycliffe and Huss as heretics.
Savonarola
Savonarola
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Hussite Wars
Hussite Wars
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Western Schism
Western Schism
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Pope Boniface VIII
Pope Boniface VIII
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Philip IV (Philip the Fair)
Philip IV (Philip the Fair)
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Avignon Papacy
Avignon Papacy
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Council of Pisa
Council of Pisa
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Damage to the Church
Damage to the Church
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Study Notes
The Western Schism
- Pope Boniface VIII (1294-1303) failed to control European rulers.
- Philip IV (the Fair) challenged Papal authority, demanding clergy taxes.
- After Pope Boniface VIII's death, the French king elected a French Pope.
- Popes resided in Avignon (1309-1377), not Rome.
- An Italian Pope (Urban VI) was elected in 1378 and returned to Rome.
- French bishops opposed this, electing a rival antipope (Clemens VII) in Avignon.
- Both claimed legitimacy, creating a divided Papacy (Western Schism, 1378-1417).
- Dioceses, abbeys, and parishes sometimes had two leaders.
Important Councils
- The Council of Pisa (1409) attempted to resolve the schism by deposing both popes and electing a new one (Alexander V).
- Alexander V died, succeeded by John XXIII.
- Clemens VII and Urban VI didn't acknowledge the new Pope, resulting in three popes.
- The Council of Constance (1417) resolved the schism, making Martin V the sole Pope who resided in Rome.
Damage to the Church
- Despite the new Pope, the Church was significantly weakened.
- Rulers appointed bishops, weakened Church control.
- Clerical corruption and poor living conditions fueled reactions.
John Wycliffe
- Oxford professor John Wycliffe (1328-1384) criticized the clergy's privileges.
- He challenged papal authority and advocated for biblical interpretation.
- His followers (Lollards) gained influence in the third estate.
- Condemned as a heretic at the Council of Constance (1415), his works were burned.
Jan Huss
- Czech philosopher and theologian Jan Huss (1372-1415) drew inspiration from Wycliffe.
- Advocated for Church reform.
- Foundation for Hussitism, an early form of Protestantism.
- Declared a heretic and burned at the stake at the Council of Constance (1415).
Overall Damage
- The Western Schism fractured the unity and authority of the Church.
- Corruption, greed, and a lack of adherence to religious principles harmed the Church.
- The actions of leaders like Wycliffe and Huss challenged the existing power structures.
- The Hussite Wars further tested the Church's influence.
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