The Venous System: Venules, Veins, and Blood Flow

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What is the main method used to measure blood pressure?

Using an EKG machine

Listening for Korotkoff sounds with a stethoscope (correct)

Visual examination of arteries

Taking a urine sample

Which of the following factors will increase blood pressure?

More hypovolemia

A wider vessel radius

Increased vessel compliance

Thicker blood viscosity (correct)

What effect does a narrower and longer blood vessel have on blood flow?

Increases resistance and decreases flow (correct)

Increases resistance and increases flow

Decreases resistance and increases flow

Decreases resistance and decreases flow

Which artery is commonly used to feel the pulse in the neck?

Carotid artery Signup and view all the answers

How does an increase in cardiac output affect blood pressure?

Increases blood pressure Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of arteries in the circulatory system?

Carry blood away from the heart Signup and view all the answers

Which type of artery is characterized by having a diameter ranging from 0.1mm to 10mm?

Muscular artery Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of precapillary sphincters in the circulatory system?

To allow blood into a capillary bed Signup and view all the answers

Which type of capillary has small gaps in its wall to allow plasma proteins and cells to pass through?

Sinusoid capillary Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of venules?

Allow for diapedesis to occur Signup and view all the answers

Why do veins have valves?

To prevent backflow due to low pressure and gravity Signup and view all the answers

What would happen if all precapillary sphincters were open?

Every drop of blood would be in a capillary bed Signup and view all the answers

How does the diameter of arterioles affect blood pressure?

Constricts arterioles to increase blood pressure Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula to calculate mean arterial pressure (MAP) from systolic and diastolic blood pressure?

MAP = (systolic BP + diastolic BP) / 2 Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of pulse pressure in blood pressure measurements?

Represents the difference between systolic and diastolic pressure Signup and view all the answers

Which component of blood pressure is characterized by the pressure during ventricular contraction?

Systolic pressure Signup and view all the answers

What happens if the mean arterial pressure (MAP) falls below 60 mm Hg for an extended period of time?

Risk of ischemia and hypoxia Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of vasa vasorum in blood vessels?

Deliver nutrients and remove waste from the cells of larger vessels Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of blood vessels is primarily composed of smooth muscle supported by connective tissue?

Tunica Media Signup and view all the answers

What do veins possess to prevent blood from flowing backward?

Valves Signup and view all the answers

Which type of blood vessels have thicker walls to help maintain blood pressure?

Arteries Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the external elastic membrane in large arteries?

Separate the media from the outer tunic Signup and view all the answers

Which action leads to an increase in blood flow and a decrease in blood pressure?

Vasodilation Signup and view all the answers