The United States of America Overview

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Questions and Answers

What type of government does the United States have?

Confederation of states

Liberal representative democracy (correct)

Unitary parliamentary system

Authoritarian regime

What document serves as the supreme legal document of the United States?

The Articles of Confederation

The Bill of Rights

The Federalist Papers

The Constitution of the United States (correct)

Which of the following symbols represents America's preference for peace?

The Eagle

The Thirteen Arrows

The Olive Branch (correct)

The Red Color

Which statement is true regarding the United States of America?

It has the world's oldest national constitution still in effect. Signup and view all the answers

What does 'E Pluribus Unum' signify in American symbolism?

From many, one Signup and view all the answers

The Thirteen Arrows in American symbolism represent what?

Preparedness to defend liberty Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is NOT an unincorporated territory of the United States?

Alaska Signup and view all the answers

What is signified by the red color in American symbolism?

Courage and sacrifice Signup and view all the answers

What significant political concept did Montesquieu contribute to the U.S. Constitution?

Separation of powers Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the U.S. Constitution addresses the structure and function of government?

Articles Signup and view all the answers

How many amendments are there in the U.S. Constitution?

27 Signup and view all the answers

The bicameral Congress was established to compromise between which two groups?

Large states and small states Signup and view all the answers

What describes the responsibility of the Legislative Branch in the U.S. Constitution?

Makes laws Signup and view all the answers

Which principle suggests that political power resides in the hands of the people?

Popular sovereignty Signup and view all the answers

Which article in the U.S. Constitution details the Executive Branch?

Article II Signup and view all the answers

Voltaire's contributions to the U.S. Constitution primarily advocate for which rights?

Freedom of speech and religion Signup and view all the answers

What does Article III of the Constitution establish?

The Judicial Branch with the U.S. Supreme Court Signup and view all the answers

How are federal judges appointed according to Article III?

Appointed for life unless they commit serious crimes Signup and view all the answers

What requirement does Article IV of the Constitution impose on the states?

Respect and enforce laws of other states Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of Article V?

To explain the amendment process Signup and view all the answers

What does Article VI state about federal law?

Federal law is supreme to state and local laws Signup and view all the answers

According to Article VII, how many states were required to ratify the Constitution for it to take effect?

Nine states Signup and view all the answers

What does the 1789 Judiciary Act relate to?

The planning of the federal court system Signup and view all the answers

What process can state legislatures follow to propose amendments to the Constitution?

Submit an application to Congress for a national convention Signup and view all the answers

Which amendment prohibits the imposition of poll taxes in federal elections?

24th Amendment Signup and view all the answers

What significant change did the Twentieth Amendment make regarding presidential and congressional terms?

It changed the beginning and ending dates of the terms. Signup and view all the answers

Which amendment allows citizens of Washington, D.C. to choose electors in presidential elections?

23rd Amendment Signup and view all the answers

What does the 25th Amendment address regarding the presidency?

It addresses succession rules for the president and vice president. Signup and view all the answers

Which amendment was designed to limit the number of terms a president may serve?

22nd Amendment Signup and view all the answers

What does the rigidity of the U.S. Constitution refer to?

The lengthy process required for amendments. Signup and view all the answers

Which amendment requires compensation changes for Congress to take effect only after the subsequent election?

27th Amendment Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the supremacy of the Constitution?

It ensures that laws and executive orders may be declared unconstitutional. Signup and view all the answers

What is one characteristic of a presidential form of government regarding the executive branch's responsibility?

The president is not constitutionally responsible to Congress. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the concept of separation of powers in a presidential government?

The judiciary can intervene in executive actions. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of judicial review in a presidential system?

To nullify legislation that conflicts with the Constitution. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately reflects the principle of republicanism?

Authority is derived from the people. Signup and view all the answers

How does checks and balances function in a presidential government?

The Senate must confirm presidential appointments and treaties. Signup and view all the answers

What does popular sovereignty allow people in federal territories to do?

It gives them the authority to decide on their own statehood. Signup and view all the answers

What is included in the Bill of Rights?

Guarantees of fundamental civil rights. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the federal character is true?

It enumerates powers for both federal and state governments. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

United States of America

The United States is a federal republic consisting of 50 states and a federal district, Washington, D.C.
Sovereignty extends to five unincorporated territories and several uninhabited island possessions.
It is the world's oldest surviving federation with the oldest national constitution still in effect (from March 4, 1789).
The U.S. presidential system of government has been adopted, in whole or in part, by many newly independent nations following decolonization.
The U.S. is a liberal representative democracy where majority rule is balanced by minority rights protected by law.

American Symbols

The American Bald Eagle represents strength and power but prefers peace, symbolized by its holding an olive branch.
The eagle's left talon grasps thirteen arrows which represent the preparedness to defend liberty.
The olive branch contains thirteen leaves and thirteen olives, representing the original thirteen colonies.
"E Pluribus, Unum" is the national motto, meaning "Out of Many, One," signifying the union of the original states.
Thirteen stripes symbolize the thirteen original colonies, combining as one nation in America's first attempt at self-government.

US Declaration of Independence & Philippine Declaration of Independence

The United States Declaration of Independence, formally titled "The Unanimous Declaration of the Thirteen United States of America," is the founding document of the United States.
The Philippines was ceded to the U.S. following the 1898 Treaty of Paris.
The US Declaration of Independence influenced democratic ideals worldwide.
The Philippine Declaration of Independence symbolized a significant step toward full sovereignty, leading to eventual independence and membership in the United Nations.

The US Constitution

The US Constitution is the highest authority in the United States and the basic law of the nation.
It is divided into three main parts: the Preamble, seven Articles, and twenty-seven Amendments.
The Constitution incorporates several Enlightenment political ideas:
- Montesquieu’s ideas of three branches of government with checks and balances.
- Locke’s concept of power residing in the people.
- Voltaire’s advocacy for freedom of speech and religion.
- Beccaria's belief in a fair system of justice.

Articles of the US Constitution

Article I: Legislative Branch, assigning the responsibility for making laws to Congress, which is divided into two parts (Houses): the House of Representatives and the Senate.
Article II: Executive Branch, outlining the offices of the President and Vice President, election rules (via the Electoral College), eligibility criteria, and term length.
Article III: Judicial Branch, establishing the U.S. Supreme Court as the highest court in the federal court system. It also specifies that federal judges are appointed for life, unless committing a serious crime.
Article IV: Relations Among the States, outlining the powers of states in relation to each other. It allows states to create their own laws but must respect and enforce the laws of other states.
Article V: Amendments, detailing the process for altering the Constitution, requiring a two-thirds vote in both the Senate and House of Representatives, followed by ratification by three-fourths of the state legislatures or conventions.
Article VI: Supremacy Clause, establishing federal law as supreme over state and local laws.
Article VII: Ratification, outlining the procedure for ratifying the Constitution, requiring nine states to enact it.

Amendments to the US Constitution

20th Amendment (1933): Changes the beginning and ending dates of presidential and congressional terms.
21st Amendment (1933): Repeals the 18th Amendment (prohibition).
22nd Amendment (1951): Limits the number of terms a U.S. president can serve to two.
23rd Amendment (1961): Grants citizens of Washington, D.C. the right to choose electors in presidential elections.
24th Amendment (1964): Prohibits federal and state governments from imposing poll taxes before a citizen can participate in a federal election.
25th Amendment (1967): Sets succession rules relating to vacancies and disabilities in the offices of the president and vice president.
26th Amendment (1971): Extends voting rights to citizens age 18 or older.
27th Amendment (1992): Requires any change to the rate of compensation for members of the U.S. Congress to only take effect after the subsequent election to the House of Representatives.

Salient Features of the US Constitution

Written character: A concise document with seven articles and 27 amendments.
Supremacy of the Constitution: A law or executive order found to be inconsistent with the Constitution can be declared unconstitutional and invalid by the Supreme Court.
Rigidity: Amending the Constitution requires a lengthy and complex process.
Presidential form of government: The president holds all executive powers and is not constitutionally responsible to Congress, unlike most parliamentary systems.
Separation of powers: The three branches of government are elected indirectly by the people and function independently.
Checks and balances: Powers of one branch can check upon the powers of the others to prevent tyranny and promote balance.
Judicial review: The Supreme Court has the power to declare any legislation or executive action void if found inconsistent with the Constitution.
Republicanism: The President is elected by the people, and the constitution derives its authority from the people.
Popular sovereignty: A contentious theory asserting that the people of federal territories should decide for themselves whether their territories would enter the Union as free or slave states.
Federal character: The U.S. was originally a federation of thirteen states with enumerated powers assigned to the central government and residual powers reserved for the states.
Bill of Rights: The first ten amendments guarantee fundamental rights of persons, liberty, and property, which are enforceable by the judiciary.

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Description

This quiz explores the foundational aspects of the United States, including its structure as a federal republic and its symbols of national identity such as the Bald Eagle. Learn about its history, governance, and unique constitution that has stood the test of time. Test your knowledge of what makes the U.S. government and its symbols significant.