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Questions and Answers
What is the function of ADH in urine concentration?
What is the function of ADH in urine concentration?
- ADH influences urine volume and concentration (correct)
- ADH only influences urine volume
- ADH has no effect on urine volume or concentration
- ADH only influences urine concentration
What causes the production of dilute urine?
What causes the production of dilute urine?
- Too much urea in the urine
- Too much salt in the urine
- Too much water in the urine (correct)
- Too much glucose in the urine
Why is the filtrate at the top of the ascending limb dilute?
Why is the filtrate at the top of the ascending limb dilute?
- Salt is removed from the filtrate (correct)
- Glucose is removed from the filtrate
- Water is removed from the filtrate
- Urea is removed from the filtrate
What happens in the absence of ADH?
What happens in the absence of ADH?
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How does ADH increase water channels in principal cells?
How does ADH increase water channels in principal cells?
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What is regulated and variable based on body needs?
What is regulated and variable based on body needs?
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Which substances enhance urinary output?
Which substances enhance urinary output?
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Study Notes
- ADH influences non-urine concentration and volume.
- Dilute urine is produced when there is too much water in the urine.
- Filtrate at the top of the ascending limb is dilute due to salt removal.
- In the absence of ADH, collecting ducts remain impermeable to water and dilute urine is produced.
- ADH acts like collecting ducts and increases water channels in principal cells to make concentrated urine.
- Facultative water reabsorption is regulated and variable based on body needs.
- Diuretics are substances that enhance urinary output and include alcohol, caffeine, and diuretic drugs.
- Renal clearance is the volume of plasma from which a substance is 100% cleared per unit time.
- Urine is 95% water and 5% solutes, with the highest concentration being urea.
- Renal failure can be caused by kidney infection, physical injury, prolonged pressure of skeletal muscle, or inadequate blood delivery to tubules, and treatment options include dialysis.
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