Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which components are part of the Lower Quarter (LQ) assessment in the neuromuscular system screen?
Which components are part of the Lower Quarter (LQ) assessment in the neuromuscular system screen?
- Pelvis (correct)
- Wrist and hand
- Shoulder
- Cervicothoracic spine
What is the primary purpose of conducting a neuromuscular systems review?
What is the primary purpose of conducting a neuromuscular systems review?
- To assess the function of central and peripheral nervous systems (correct)
- To determine the patient's age and gender
- To collect patient history regarding injuries
- To diagnose chronic illnesses exclusively
Which of the following is NOT typically observed in a general coordinated movement and balance assessment?
Which of the following is NOT typically observed in a general coordinated movement and balance assessment?
- Gait
- Toe walk
- Heel walk
- Blood pressure monitoring (correct)
Which test specifically assesses muscle performance in the neuromuscular system review?
Which test specifically assesses muscle performance in the neuromuscular system review?
During a neuromuscular system review, what does the assessment of 'fluidity of motion' refer to?
During a neuromuscular system review, what does the assessment of 'fluidity of motion' refer to?
Which of the following aspects is NOT typically evaluated in gait analysis as part of the neuromuscular review?
Which of the following aspects is NOT typically evaluated in gait analysis as part of the neuromuscular review?
Which grading indicates an absent reflex response?
Which grading indicates an absent reflex response?
What is the primary purpose of sensation screening in a neuromuscular system examination?
What is the primary purpose of sensation screening in a neuromuscular system examination?
What is the normal response for the Achilles reflex?
What is the normal response for the Achilles reflex?
Which nerve root corresponds with the key sensory point of the medial femoral condyle?
Which nerve root corresponds with the key sensory point of the medial femoral condyle?
What does a grade of 5+ in reflex grading indicate?
What does a grade of 5+ in reflex grading indicate?
During a sensation screening, if a patient reports that they do not feel a light swipe on their skin, how would this finding be graded?
During a sensation screening, if a patient reports that they do not feel a light swipe on their skin, how would this finding be graded?
Which maneuver is used to reinforce reflex testing?
Which maneuver is used to reinforce reflex testing?
The dorsal surface of the proximal phalanx of the 3rd digit is associated with which nerve root?
The dorsal surface of the proximal phalanx of the 3rd digit is associated with which nerve root?
What does a 'strong and painful' muscle testing result indicate?
What does a 'strong and painful' muscle testing result indicate?
Which of the following is NOT a factor that may negatively affect gross strength screening?
Which of the following is NOT a factor that may negatively affect gross strength screening?
What are the primary components examined in the musculoskeletal system review?
What are the primary components examined in the musculoskeletal system review?
What does cyanotic hands indicate in the integumentary system assessment?
What does cyanotic hands indicate in the integumentary system assessment?
Which is an important aspect of assessing skin integrity in post-operative patients?
Which is an important aspect of assessing skin integrity in post-operative patients?
During a gross strength assessment of the cervical spine, which motion is NOT included?
During a gross strength assessment of the cervical spine, which motion is NOT included?
What does a positive Clonus Reflex test indicate?
What does a positive Clonus Reflex test indicate?
Which grading indicates a normal finding in the Babinski reflex test?
Which grading indicates a normal finding in the Babinski reflex test?
During a musculoskeletal system screen, what is primarily assessed?
During a musculoskeletal system screen, what is primarily assessed?
What symptom is expected when a joint is assessed as hypermobile?
What symptom is expected when a joint is assessed as hypermobile?
Which statement about active range of motion (AROM) is correct?
Which statement about active range of motion (AROM) is correct?
Which of the following findings indicates an upper motor neuron lesion?
Which of the following findings indicates an upper motor neuron lesion?
What should be observed when assessing symmetry in a patient?
What should be observed when assessing symmetry in a patient?
What is indicated by the presence of decreased reflexes?
What is indicated by the presence of decreased reflexes?
What is a clinical pearl when assessing painful motions?
What is a clinical pearl when assessing painful motions?
What does an observation of a patient’s posture screening involve?
What does an observation of a patient’s posture screening involve?
Flashcards are hidden until you start studying
Study Notes
Learning Objectives
- Identify primary components of the neuromuscular and musculoskeletal systems during a systems review.
- Explain normal vs. abnormal findings during the systems review.
- Demonstrate neuromuscular and musculoskeletal systems review in mock examinations.
Neuromuscular System Screen
- Purpose: Assess central and peripheral nervous system function; guide in-depth testing.
- Components include upper and lower quarters (UQ/LQ) encompassing specific regions such as the cervicothoracic spine, shoulder, pelvis, hip, knee, and foot.
General Movement and Balance Assessment
- Observation includes gait, balance in sitting and standing, and various movements (heel walk, toe walk, squat).
- Evaluates general motor function, coordination, fluidity of motion, and balance.
Clinical Decision-Making
- Tests include Functional Gait Assessment, Berg Balance Scale, and Timed Up and Go Test.
- Sensation screening involves patient feedback on sensitivity and detection capability.
Dermatomes for Sensation Screening
- Upper Quarter Sensory Points:
- C4 - Superior lateral shoulder
- C5 - Lateral antecubital fossa
- C6 - Dorsal surface of thumb
- C7 - Dorsal surface of 3rd digit
- C8 - Dorsal surface of 5th digit
- Lower Quarter Sensory Points:
- L2 - Anteromedial mid-thigh
- L3 - Medial femoral condyle
- L4 - Medial malleolus
- L5 - Dorsal 3rd MTP joint
- S1 - Lateral calcaneus
Reflex Testing
- Deep Tendon Reflexes (DTRs) assessed, revealing both lower and upper motor neuron conditions.
- Normal response varies for DTRs, with grading from 0 (absent) to 5+ (sustained clonus).
Pathological Reflexes
- Clonus and Babinski reflexes noted as signs of upper motor neuron lesions.
- Babinski: Positive indicates toe extension; negative shows flexion or no response.
Musculoskeletal System Screen
- Purpose: Assess joint function, muscle performance, and connective tissue integrity.
- Observation includes height, weight, posture, and symmetry assessment.
Gross Range of Motion (AROM)
- Screening evaluates voluntary movements across various body regions.
- Identifies gross AROM in upper and lower extremities as well as spinal motion.
Strength Assessment
- Gross strength screening indicates general muscle function; weakness prompts further evaluation.
- Contractile testing involves isometric contractions and assessing individual nerve root strengths (e.g., C5 for shoulder abduction).
Differential Diagnosis
- Distinguish between mobility impairments (joint looseness) and strength impairments (muscle functionality).
- Recognize patterns indicative of specific neurological lesions.
Integumentary System Assessment
- Focuses on skin condition, integrity, and any signs of abnormalities.
- Assessment includes skin coloration, moisture levels, lesions, and texture.
Communication, Cognition, and Orientation
- Four components of orientation: person, place, time, situation.
- Effective communication starts with clear introductions and evolves through patient interactions and assessments of alertness, demeanor, and cognitive processes.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
