9 Questions
Which two processes influence the sleep-wake cycle?
Process S and Process C
What are the main drivers of Process S?
Accumulation of adenosine and solar daytime activation of the melanopsin system
Which receptor subtypes are associated with adenosine?
A1 and A2a
Where are the A1 receptors expressed at high levels?
Cortex, hippocampus, and thalamus
Which type of neurons express the A2a subtype receptors?
Medium spiny GABA-ergic neurons
Which receptors are activated by adenosine to promote sleep?
A1 receptors
Where are the wake-active cholinergic neurons inhibited by adenosine located?
Basal forebrain
Which brain region induces slow-wave sleep in mice when activated by adenosine A2A receptors?
Core region of the nucleus accumbens
Which neurons in the basal forebrain are tonically inhibited by adenosine?
Cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain nucleus of Meynert
Test your knowledge on the sleep-wake cycle and the two-process model that drives it. Explore the role of adenosine and the melanopsin system in regulating sleep propensity and circadian alertness.
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