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Social Psychology Defined
Social Psychology Defined
the way in which people’s thoughts, feelings, and behaviours are influenced by the real or imagined presence of other people
Scientific: systematic and empirical
Scientific: systematic and empirical
Social Psychology
Social Influence: affects thoughts, feelings, and behaviours
Social Influence: affects thoughts, feelings, and behaviours
Social Psychology
The Power of the Situation
The Power of the Situation
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Where Construals Come From
Where Construals Come From
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Objective Features of the ______ situation matter, but so do interpretations
Objective Features of the ______ situation matter, but so do interpretations
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Are construals obvious
Are construals obvious
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(2004) Social Dilemma Game: Choose a strategy o Play ______ – maximize winnings ($) o Play cooperatively – share the winnings (but get less) Ps were either competitive or cooperative Community Game vs
(2004) Social Dilemma Game: Choose a strategy o Play ______ – maximize winnings ($) o Play cooperatively – share the winnings (but get less) Ps were either competitive or cooperative Community Game vs
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Scientific Skepticism: o The approach of evaluating all claims with an open mind, but insisting on persuasive evidence before accepting them as true o Refrain from accepting inadequately supported claims Skepticism is not
Scientific Skepticism: o The approach of evaluating all claims with an open mind, but insisting on persuasive evidence before accepting them as true o Refrain from accepting inadequately supported claims Skepticism is not
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How do you know. Show me your ______.
How do you know. Show me your ______.
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Ruling out rival hypotheses o Requires that we consider alternative explanations o Experimentation is key in
Ruling out rival hypotheses o Requires that we consider alternative explanations o Experimentation is key in
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Correlation is not ______ o Just because two things are associated – or correlated – does not mean that one causes the other
Correlation is not ______ o Just because two things are associated – or correlated – does not mean that one causes the other
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Testability and ______ o Can we measure the construct or phenomenon of interest. o Can we demonstrate an assertion or prediction is false.
Testability and ______ o Can we measure the construct or phenomenon of interest. o Can we demonstrate an assertion or prediction is false.
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Have findings been
Have findings been
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The Power of the Situation o How do people assess ______. o Dispositional attributions
The Power of the Situation o How do people assess ______. o Dispositional attributions
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Kurt Lewin: “Founding Father” of Experimental Social Psychology o One of the first psychologists to focus on construal of social situations Basic Motives & Construals Where do construals come from. o The need to feel good o The need to be accurate o The need to belong (Wilson, 2022) These motives can conflict and pull us in opposite directions Accuracy is always important, at least to some extent Human Motives: SelfEsteem We need to maintain self-esteem o Good, competent, and decent Justifying Past Behaviour o E.g., Littering (Hansmann, 2017) o Personal vs. others littering Suffering and Self-Justification o Example: hockey hazing Human Motives: Accuracy Humans have a need to be accurate Social Cognition: o How people think about themselves and the social world o How they select, interpret, remember, and use social information to make judgments and decisions Example: why is the cashier so rude. Construals (Wilson, 2022) Construals are unconscious o The process is not known to us o Example: meeting someone new Construals are shaped by culture o But the act of construing is universal Social Psychology and Social Problems Social Psychology can contribute to the solution of social problems by understanding: o Social influence o The power of the situation o Construal Important Topics: o Aggression/violence o Prejudice o Pro-environmental behaviour Specific Issues: o E.g., Smoking The End .
Kurt Lewin: “Founding Father” of Experimental Social Psychology o One of the first psychologists to focus on construal of social situations Basic Motives & Construals Where do construals come from. o The need to feel good o The need to be accurate o The need to belong (Wilson, 2022) These motives can conflict and pull us in opposite directions Accuracy is always important, at least to some extent Human Motives: SelfEsteem We need to maintain self-esteem o Good, competent, and decent Justifying Past Behaviour o E.g., Littering (Hansmann, 2017) o Personal vs. others littering Suffering and Self-Justification o Example: hockey hazing Human Motives: Accuracy Humans have a need to be accurate Social Cognition: o How people think about themselves and the social world o How they select, interpret, remember, and use social information to make judgments and decisions Example: why is the cashier so rude. Construals (Wilson, 2022) Construals are unconscious o The process is not known to us o Example: meeting someone new Construals are shaped by culture o But the act of construing is universal Social Psychology and Social Problems Social Psychology can contribute to the solution of social problems by understanding: o Social influence o The power of the situation o Construal Important Topics: o Aggression/violence o Prejudice o Pro-environmental behaviour Specific Issues: o E.g., Smoking The End .
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Study Notes
Social Psychology Defined
- Social psychology is scientific, systematic, and empirical, focusing on social influence, which affects thoughts, feelings, and behaviors.
The Power of the Situation
- The power of the situation involves both objective features and individual interpretations (construals) of a situation.
Scientific Skepticism
- Scientific skepticism involves evaluating claims with an open mind and requiring persuasive evidence before acceptance.
- It involves ruling out rival hypotheses and considering alternative explanations.
Correlation and Causation
- Correlation does not imply causation; just because two things are associated, it doesn't mean one causes the other.
Testability
- Testability requires measuring the construct or phenomenon of interest and demonstrating whether an assertion or prediction can be proven false.
Human Motives
Self-Esteem
- The need to feel good and maintain self-esteem is a basic human motive.
- This can lead to justifying past behavior, such as littering, to maintain a positive self-image.
Accuracy
- The need to be accurate is another basic human motive.
- Social cognition involves how people think about themselves and the social world, and how they process social information to make judgments and decisions.
Construals
- Construals are unconscious, shaped by culture, and universal.
- Examples include meeting someone new and making judgments about their personality.
Social Psychology and Social Problems
- Social psychology can contribute to solving social problems by understanding social influence, the power of the situation, and construal.
- Important topics include aggression, prejudice, and pro-environmental behavior.
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Description
Test your knowledge of scientific skepticism and the principles of scientific thinking with this quiz. Explore the concepts of tenacity, authority, reason, and empirical evidence. Discover the importance of evaluating claims with an open mind and demanding persuasive evidence before accepting them as true. Challenge your understanding of skepticism versus cynicism and enhance your scientific reasoning skills. Put your knowledge to the test and see if you're a true scientific skeptic!
