The Scientific Method and Peptic Ulcers

False (B)

Marshall

<p>soil</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Primary sources (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Marshall = Peptic ulcers are caused by Heliobacter Pylori Van Helmont = Plants grow from sources other than soil</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The ulcer began to resolve itself.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Plants grow from water alone. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sunlight</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>efficiently</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Researcher on plants = Plants grow from transforming soil into bark. Spencer = Microwaves can be harnessed to heat food efficiently.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Qualitative data (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Plants grow from transforming soil into bark, roots and leaves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sound frequencies change relative to the stationary observer when the sound source moves. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The presence of the plant.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Doppler</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Abstract = Summary of key findings Method = Materials and procedures used Results = Data represented often with graphs Conclusion = Summary of results and hypothesis status</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Observation of flame and mouse behavior. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They indicate the precision of measurements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Observing the angles of shadows cast by objects (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>7.2°</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>radiant</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The sun's rays fall in parallel beams. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>40,000 km</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He only conducted his experiment once. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Microwaves = Type of electromagnetic wave Eratosthenes = Calculated Earth's circumference using shadows Shadow angle = Measured to estimate distance Radiant heat = Heat exchange via electromagnetic waves</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Zeros after a non-zero with a decimal are significant. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>You are more likely to have limited knowledge as you cannot collaborate with others.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Experimental</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Quantitative Research = Numerical data analysis Qualitative Research = Descriptive analysis of non-numerical data Correlational Research = Examining the relationship between variables Mixed Methods = Combining both quantitative and qualitative approaches</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>There is a shared workload among team members. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>You don’t have to wait for others to conduct their research.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Peptic ulcers are caused by the bacterium Helicobacter Pylori.

A systematic approach to investigation, including observation, hypothesis formation, experimentation, and analysis.

Marshall intentionally ingested Helicobacter Pylori to induce an ulcer, proving the bacterial nature of the illness.

Investigated the source of plant growth using a willow tree, contrasting soil weight with plant weight.

A species of bacteria that can cause peptic ulcers.

Used to test causal relationship of Helicobacter Pylori with peptic ulcers.

Van Helmont's hypothesis proposed that plants do not primarily grow from the soil, but from another source.

Peptic Ulcers are sores that develop on the stomach lining, causing discomfort or pain.

Microwaves could efficiently cook food.

Lack of formal aim, hypothesis, and controlled variables made the experiment informal.

Direct observation or experimentation, as opposed to secondary research.

Factors other than microwaves that could have affected food heating.

A group in an experiment that is not exposed to the treatment being tested, used for comparison.

An accidental discovery made during an experiment, not the intended result.

Data based on descriptions or observations; not numerical measurements.

Plants do not grow solely from transforming soil.

A method to calculate the Earth's circumference using the angle of shadows cast by the sun at different locations on Earth.

Using the angle of shadows cast by the sun to calculate the Earth's circumference.

A fundamental assumption in Eratosthenes' calculation, assuming sunlight reaches Earth in parallel beams.

Measurement of the angle of the shadow cast by a vertical stick at a specific time and location.

Determination of the Earth's perimeter using observed angles and distances between locations.

The experiment's single data point makes it unreliable and the lack of precise measuring tools affects accuracy.

Heat transferred in the form of electromagnetic waves; in this case, microwaves.

The calculated value of the Earth's perimeter (40,000km) that Eratosthenes found to be remarkably close to the true value of 40,075km.

The frequency of sound waves changes depending on the relative motion of the sound source and the observer. This means the pitch of the sound will appear higher when the source is moving towards the observer and lower when it's moving away.

Doppler used two groups of trumpeters, one stationary and one on a moving train. He observed a change in pitch as the train passed, suggesting the frequency of sound changed due to movement.

Priestley believed that plants released a vital component of air that was necessary for combustion and respiration. He called this component 'dephlogisticated air'.

Priestley placed a mouse and a candle in a sealed jar. They died quickly. Then he placed a plant in the jar with a mouse and candle. The mouse and candle remained alive, leading him to conclude that plants release a life-sustaining component of air.

Phlogiston was a hypothetical substance believed to be released during combustion and respiration, causing objects to burn.

Priestley concluded that plants release a substance that is the opposite of breathing, which we now know as photosynthesis. He also debunked the phlogiston theory.

A typical scientific report follows a standardized structure including an abstract, introduction, method, results, conclusion, and discussion. Each section serves a specific purpose to clearly present the research findings and analysis.

Significant figures are the meaningful digits in a measurement. They indicate the precision of the measurement and are important when performing calculations.

Zeros that are considered part of a number's precision and contribute to its value.

Zeros that come before the first non-zero digit in a number and are not considered significant.

Zeros that come after the last non-zero digit in a number. Their significance depends on the presence of a decimal point.

A way of working where individuals contribute to a common goal, sharing knowledge, responsibilities, and tasks.

A research approach that uses numerical data and statistical analysis to test hypotheses and draw conclusions.

A research approach that explores subjective experiences, perspectives, and meanings using non-numerical data such as interviews and observations.

A research method where the researcher manipulates one or more variables to observe their effects on another variable.

A research approach where the researcher observes and records natural phenomena without interfering.