The Scientific Method and Core Principles
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Questions and Answers

Which discipline focuses primarily on understanding the composition, structure, and processes of our planet?

  • Cosmology
  • Earth Science (correct)
  • Biochemistry
  • Cell Biology

A scientist is investigating how different species interact within a forest and how these interactions affect the forest's overall health. Which branch of science does this research align with?

  • Geology
  • Genetics
  • Ecology (correct)
  • Microbiology

Which of the following is the MOST crucial aspect of a scientific hypothesis?

  • It is based on the opinion of experts in the field.
  • It is testable through experimentation or observation. (correct)
  • It is supported by anecdotal evidence.
  • It is widely accepted by the general public.

Which scientific field is most directly involved in studying fossils to understand the history of life on Earth?

<p>Paleontology (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A new technology allows scientists to observe the behavior of molecules within a living cell in real-time. Which field is most directly advanced by this technology?

<p>Cell biology (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A researcher observes that plants grow taller in sunny areas compared to shady areas. Which of the following represents a valid scientific question based on this observation?

<p>Does increased sunlight exposure affect plant height? (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When a new, unforeseen phenomenon contradicts an existing scientific theory, what is the most likely next step for scientists?

<p>Modify or replace the theory to accommodate the new evidence. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During an experiment, a scientist modifies the amount of fertilizer given to different groups of plants and measures their growth rates. What is the independent variable in this experiment?

<p>The amount of fertilizer given to the plants. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the role of skepticism in the scientific process?

<p>Questioning and critically evaluating scientific claims before accepting them. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A scientist discovers a consistent mathematical relationship between the temperature and pressure of a gas. This relationship is repeatedly confirmed through experimentation. What type of scientific statement is this?

<p>A law that describes gas behavior. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does scientific research MOST directly contribute to technological advancement?

<p>By providing the foundational knowledge upon which new technologies are built. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does quantum mechanics extend classical mechanics?

<p>By explaining phenomena at the atomic and subatomic levels. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following exemplifies the symbiotic relationship between science and technology?

<p>The use of telescopes (technology) to gather data that supports cosmological theories (science). (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following chemical properties would be studied in organic chemistry versus general chemistry?

<p>The synthesis of a new plastic from petroleum. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A scientist discovers a new particle that interacts with other particles through the electromagnetic force but has no electric charge. Which field of physics is MOST relevant for studying this particle?

<p>Quantum mechanics (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is communication an essential step in the scientific method?

<p>To allow other scientists to scrutinize, verify, and build upon the findings. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Science

A systematic way to gain knowledge through observation and experimentation.

Empirical Evidence

Evidence from observations or experiments.

Objectivity

Minimizing bias in observations and interpretations.

Testable Hypothesis

An idea that can be proven wrong with experiments or observations.

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Scientific Method steps

Observe, Question, Hypothesis, Experiment, Analyze, Conclude, Communicate

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Physics

Study of matter, energy, and their interactions.

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Chemistry

Study of matter, its properties, and changes.

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Atoms

Basic building blocks of matter.

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Biochemistry

Studies chemical processes within living organisms.

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Biology

The study of living organisms and their environments.

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Earth Science

Study of Earth's structure, composition, and processes.

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Astronomy

Study of celestial objects and the universe.

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Science's role in Technology

New knowledge which drives technological progress.

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Science's Impact on Society

Shapes understanding, provides solutions, influences policy.

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Scientific Theories

Well-substantiated explanations incorporating facts and laws.

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Scientific Laws

Descriptive statements that predict natural phenomena.

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Study Notes

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Description

Explore the core principles of science, including empirical evidence, objectivity, testability, and skepticism. Understand the systematic approach to acquiring knowledge about the natural world through observation and experimentation. Learn about the scientific method.

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