6 Questions
What is the primary function of the respiratory system?
To bring oxygen into the body and remove carbon dioxide
Which muscle is primarily used for breathing?
Diaphragm
What is the function of the hypothalamus in the endocrine system?
Regulates body temperature, hunger, and thirst
What is the function of insulin in the endocrine system?
Lowers blood sugar levels
What happens during the process of inspiration?
Diaphragm contracts, rib cage expands, and air enters the lungs
Which gland is considered the master gland in the endocrine system?
Pituitary gland
Study Notes
Respiratory System
Functions:
- Brings oxygen into the body and removes carbon dioxide
- Regulates pH levels by removing excess hydrogen ions
Organs:
- Nose and mouth: air enters the body
- Pharynx (throat): air passes through to the larynx
- Larynx (voice box): contains vocal cords
- Trachea (windpipe): air passes through to the bronchi
- Bronchi: air passes through to the lungs
- Lungs: exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs
- Diaphragm: primary muscle used for breathing
- Intercostal muscles: secondary muscles used for breathing
Breathing Process:
- Inspiration: diaphragm contracts, rib cage expands, and air enters the lungs
- Exhalation: diaphragm relaxes, rib cage descends, and air leaves the lungs
Endocrine System
Functions:
- Produces and regulates hormones in the body
- Helps maintain homeostasis
- Regulates growth and development
Glands:
- Pituitary gland: master gland, regulates other glands
- Thyroid gland: regulates metabolism
- Adrenal glands: regulates stress response
- Pancreas: regulates blood sugar levels
- Ovaries (in females) and testes (in males): regulates reproductive functions
- Hypothalamus: regulates body temperature, hunger, and thirst
Hormones:
- Insulin: lowers blood sugar levels
- Glucagon: raises blood sugar levels
- Adrenaline (epinephrine): regulates "fight or flight" response
- Thyroxine (T4): regulates metabolism
- Oxytocin: stimulates uterine contractions during childbirth
- Growth hormone: regulates growth and development
Respiratory System
- Brings oxygen into the body and removes carbon dioxide
- Regulates pH levels by removing excess hydrogen ions
Organs of the Respiratory System
- Nose and mouth: air enters the body
- Pharynx (throat): air passes through to the larynx
- Larynx (voice box): contains vocal cords
- Trachea (windpipe): air passes through to the bronchi
- Bronchi: air passes through to the lungs
- Lungs: exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs
- Diaphragm: primary muscle used for breathing
- Intercostal muscles: secondary muscles used for breathing
Breathing Process
- Inspiration: diaphragm contracts, rib cage expands, and air enters the lungs
- Exhalation: diaphragm relaxes, rib cage descends, and air leaves the lungs
Endocrine System
- Produces and regulates hormones in the body
- Helps maintain homeostasis
- Regulates growth and development
Glands of the Endocrine System
- Pituitary gland: master gland, regulates other glands
- Thyroid gland: regulates metabolism
- Adrenal glands: regulates stress response
- Pancreas: regulates blood sugar levels
- Ovaries (in females) and testes (in males): regulates reproductive functions
- Hypothalamus: regulates body temperature, hunger, and thirst
Hormones
- Insulin: lowers blood sugar levels
- Glucagon: raises blood sugar levels
- Adrenaline (epinephrine): regulates "fight or flight" response
- Thyroxine (T4): regulates metabolism
- Oxytocin: stimulates uterine contractions during childbirth
- Growth hormone: regulates growth and development
This quiz covers the functions and organs of the human respiratory system, including the nose, throat, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs, and diaphragm. Understand how the body brings in oxygen and removes carbon dioxide.
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