The Renaissance: Rebirth and Innovation

The 30 Years War

Jerome

The acceptance of a round Earth

<p>Lorenzo Valla, by analyzing the texts' syntax, grammar, style, and form of expression.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Florin</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It allowed for the mass production of books, making them more accessible and affordable, and spreading ideas more quickly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They sought to expand markets and obtain goods for sale in Europe.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A more complex economy requires a larger skilled labor force and stimulates demand for education, thus increasing literacy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It allowed for the rapid spread of different religious ideas and interpretations, leading to a greater awareness of conflicting viewpoints.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They believed it had caused intolerance, bigotry, and violence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The printing press flourished in Europe because there was a market for books, and Johannes Gutenberg recognized the potential for mass production.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Niccolò Machiavelli</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The increased availability and affordability of books fueled a desire for schooling, leading to a surge in school construction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The flourishing urban centers with a large merchant class, bankers, and clerks required a literate population to manage their affairs and keep records.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Hanseatic League</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It increased the exchange of foreign currencies, leading banks to profit by buying and selling these currencies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They acted as patrons of writers, artists, and scholars, supporting their work and promoting humanist thought.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Oil painting</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It aimed to reconcile humanistic thought with Christian beliefs, exploring the philosophical common ground between them.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It was the first freestanding nude statue of the Renaissance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>As the humanist movement gained momentum, it challenged the dominance of Aristotle's influence in medieval thought, leading to a renewed interest in Plato's philosophy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It emphasized the use of mathematics to achieve harmony and balance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Italy's prosperity and urban centers attracted intellectuals and artists, leading it to become a central hub for cultural and intellectual development.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They were centers of economic production, which provided the wealth and resources to support artists, architects, and cultural patronage</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Italy's leadership in fashion, intellectual pursuits, and cultural affairs, combined with the influence of Italian thinkers, artists, and scholars, led to the diffusion of the Renaissance spirit northwards.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Desiderius Erasmus of Rotterdam, known for his contributions to the revival of Greek and Latin literature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Protestant Reformation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Renaissance celebrated a return to classical learning, rejecting the medieval belief that only the past could be valued, and promoting the idea that the present could also be significant.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Renaissance</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The political organization and economy of Italian city-states and the preservation of classical models in Italy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rebirth; a period of rediscovering the value of the individual by studying the ideals and artistic expressions of ancient Latin and Greek authors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The study of human things, culture produced by humans; it was a central movement of the Renaissance, emphasizing the worth of the individual and human potential.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Middle Ages</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Church had a significant influence and tolerated little opposition; it stifled creative thought and new ideas in most fields of study.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They thought their culture was in a dark age compared to the classical civilization of the past, so returning to classical ideals was a climb to a higher peak.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Freedom to cultivate the mind, explore the world, and escape the restrictions of church doctrines.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An Italian poet and scholar who exemplified how the new learning and obsession with the ancient world could inspire individuals and other intellectuals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A document claiming the Emperor Constantine granted the Pope authority, later proved by studying the texts' syntax and grammar to be a forgery from several centuries later.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Even during troubling times people can create new things; it's not necessary for a time to be peaceful or happy for great art to be produced.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dionysius the Areopagite</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Donation of Constantine</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Humanist study of linguistics</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Many humanist thinkers were believers themselves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Complex polyphonic compositions replaced single melodic works.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He was a prominent Italian composer with a musical output exceeding 500 pieces, including church and secular works.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He wrote his masterpiece, 'La Divina Commedia,' in Italian rather than Latin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He was one of the first English writers to compose in the vernacular, notably in 'The Canterbury Tales.'</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He focused on worldly matters such as life, death, truth, and marriage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He formulated the laws of gravity and motion, explaining planetary movement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Modern languages evolved from Latin, challenging the belief in two separate language systems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It established connections between germs, hygiene, and diseases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They discovered that their writing could fundamentally alter people's thoughts and beliefs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>His novel humorously explored the adventures of an idealistic character, becoming a classic of Western literature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It imposed restrictions on scientists like Galileo, who challenged established beliefs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He suggested that the Sun, not the Earth, was the center of the universe.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A revival of classical texts and themes merged with humanistic ideals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Andreas Vesalius conducted dissections of human cadavers, leading to more accurate anatomical studies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

A figure whose texts were proven to be written later than the first century.

An author who disproved the traditionally accepted dating of Dionysius' texts.

A revolutionary invention by Gutenberg around 1450 that allowed mass production of books.

The inventor of the printing press and movable type in Germany.

The first major book printed using Gutenberg's printing press.

A cultural movement in the Renaissance focused on human values and studies.

Wealthy patrons of the arts and humanism during the Renaissance in Florence.

The first of the Medici family to rise to power, known for founding a public library.

A leading figure in the Renaissance who supported artists and scholars.

A school founded in Florence focused on reconciling humanism with Christianity.

An influential Northern Renaissance scholar who revived Greek and Latin literature.

The Renaissance was characterized by a shift from seeing knowledge as a problem to seeing it as a virtue.

Educational content focusing on classical texts and humanist principles.

Increased city population fostering demands for education and literacy.

The printing press drastically increased access to books, boosting literacy rates.

A Christian scholar who translated the Bible into Latin in the 4th century.

A humanist and scholar who criticized church officials for focusing on politics over spirituality.

A German priest whose actions triggered the Protestant Reformation and led to his excommunication from the Catholic Church.

A religious movement that aimed to reform the Catholic Church, resulting in the creation of Protestant denominations.

A series of conflicts in Europe partly motivated by religious disputes between Catholics and Protestants.

A period of intense questioning and persecution of individuals believed to be heretics, often involving torture.

An Italian political theorist known for his work 'The Prince' that discussed the use of power and tyranny.

A cultural and intellectual revival in Europe, characterized by renewed interest in art, science, and classical antiquity.

A key Italian city during the Renaissance known for its art, culture, and economic prosperity.

Italian bankers during the Renaissance who significantly influenced finance and trade.

Venice became a wealthy city in the Renaissance due to its extensive trade networks.

A peak period of Renaissance art marked by the works of artists like Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo.

Innovative polyphonic compositions replaced single melody works.

A renowned sculptor of the Renaissance known for his free-standing nude statue of David.

A true Renaissance man known for his contributions as a painter, scientist, and inventor.

Famous Italian composer known for over 500 works.

An early vernacular writer known for 'The Divine Comedy'.

A Renaissance artist renowned for his sculptures, such as David, and his work on the Sistine Chapel.

An intellectual movement of the Renaissance that emphasized the study of human culture and classical texts.

First major English writer in the vernacular with 'The Canterbury Tales'.

Proposed the heliocentric theory, stating the Sun is the center.

Independent regions in Italy that had thriving economies and were politically organized, contributing to the Renaissance.

Utilized the telescope to study celestial bodies, confirming Copernicus.

Ancient Greek and Roman standards in art, architecture, and literature that inspired Renaissance thinkers.

A historical period before the Renaissance characterized by cultural stagnation dominated by the Church.

Renowned English playwright influenced by Italian culture.

French humanist known for the comic series 'Gargantua and Pantagruel'.

Refers to a lack of progress in arts and sciences during the Middle Ages.

An Italian poet and scholar considered a pioneer of the humanist movement in the Renaissance.

Pioneered human anatomy through cadaver dissection.

A document allegedly granting authority to the Pope, later proven to be a forgery by Lorenzo Valla.

Promoted the scientific method and empirical research.

Formulated the laws of gravity and motion in 'Principia'.

Ideas that challenge established beliefs, common during the Renaissance as thinkers sought knowledge.

Cultural movement emphasizing human potential and classical learning.

Literature written in the author's native language.

The structure of governance in Italian city-states that facilitated trade and cultural growth.

Members of the growing middle class in Renaissance Italy who funded arts and learning.

Instrument that helped establish the link between germs and diseases.

Writings from ancient Greek and Roman authors that influenced Renaissance thinkers and humanists.

Revolutionized the distribution of literature during the Renaissance.

A historical shift where thinkers prioritize reason, art, and philosophy over divine command.

Key areas of focus during the Renaissance that saw revival and innovation based on classical traditions.